Yang J, Tian C, Chen Y, Zhu C, Chi H, Li J. Obesity aggravates COVID-19: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. J Med Virol. 2020;93(5):2662–74.
Article
Google Scholar
Booth A, Reed AB, Ponzo S, Yassaee A, Aral M, Plans D, et al. Population risk factors for severe disease and mortality in COVID-19: a global systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16(3):e0247461.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Patel U, Malik P, Mehta D, Shah D, Kelkar R, Pinto C, et al. Early epidemiological indicators, outcomes, and interventions of COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. J Glob Health. 2020;10(2):020506.
Article
Google Scholar
Zhou Y, Yang Q, Chi J, Dong B, Lv W, Shen L, et al. Comorbidities and the risk of severe or fatal outcomes associated with coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;99:47–56.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Izcovich A, Ragusa MA, Tortosa F, Lavena Marzio MA, Agnoletti C, Bengolea A, et al. Prognostic factors for severity and mortality in patients infected with COVID-19: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2020;15(11):e0241955.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Qiu P, Zhou Y, Wang F, Wang H, Zhang M, Pan X, et al. Clinical characteristics, laboratory outcome characteristics, comorbidities, and complications of related COVID-19 deceased: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2020;32(9):1869–78.
Article
Google Scholar
Wynants L, Van Calster B, Collins GS, Riley RD, Heinze G, Schuit E, et al. Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of covid-19: systematic review and critical appraisal. BMJ. 2020;369:m1328.
Article
Google Scholar
Hägg S, Jylhävä J, Wang Y, Xu H, Metzner C, Annetorp M, et al. Age, frailty, and comorbidity as prognostic factors for short-term outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in geriatric care. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020;21(11):1555–9.e2.
Article
Google Scholar
Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–83.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Imam Z, Odish F, Gill I, O'Connor D, Armstrong J, Vanood A, et al. Older age and comorbidity are independent mortality predictors in a large cohort of 1305 COVID-19 patients in Michigan, United States. J Intern Med. 2020;288(4):469–76.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Tuty Kuswardhani RA, Henrina J, Pranata R, Anthonius Lim M, Lawrensia S, Suastika K. Charlson comorbidity index and a composite of poor outcomes in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndrome. 2020;14(6):2103–9.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Church S, Rogers E, Rockwood K, Theou O. A scoping review of the clinical frailty scale. BMC Geriatr. 2020;20(1):393.
Article
Google Scholar
Pranata R, Henrina J, Lim MA, Lawrensia S, Yonas E, Vania R, et al. Clinical frailty scale and mortality in COVID-19: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2021;93:104324.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Blomaard LC, van der Linden CMJ, van der Bol JM, Jansen SWM, Polinder-Bos HA, Willems HC, et al. Frailty is associated with in-hospital mortality in older hospitalised COVID-19 patients in the Netherlands: the COVID-OLD study. Age Ageing. 2021;50(3):631–40.
Article
Google Scholar
Sablerolles RSG, Lafeber M, van Kempen JAL, van de Loo BPA, Boersma E, Rietdijk WJR, et al. Association between clinical frailty scale score and hospital mortality in adult patients with COVID-19 (COMET): an international, multicentre, retrospective, observational cohort study. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2021;2(3):e163–e70.
Article
Google Scholar
O'Caoimh R, Costello M, Small C, Spooner L, Flannery A, O'Reilly L, et al. Comparison of Frailty Screening Instruments in the Emergency Department. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(19):3626.
Article
Google Scholar
Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, Bergman H, Hogan DB, McDowell I, et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ. 2005;173(5):489–95.
Article
Google Scholar
Anand A, Cudmore S, Robertson S, Stephen J, Haga K, Weir CJ, et al. Frailty assessment and risk prediction by GRACE score in older patients with acute myocardial infarction. BMC Geriatr. 2020;20(1):102.
Article
Google Scholar
Muessig JM, Nia AM, Masyuk M, Lauten A, Sacher AL, Brenner T, et al. Clinical frailty scale (CFS) reliably stratifies octogenarians in German ICUs: a multicentre prospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr. 2018;18(1):162.
Article
Google Scholar
Ritt M, Ritt JI, Sieber CC, Gaßmann K-G. Comparing the predictive accuracy of frailty, comorbidity, and disability for mortality: a 1-year follow-up in patients hospitalized in geriatric wards. Clin Interv Aging. 2017;12:293–304.
Article
Google Scholar
de Gelder J, Lucke JA, de Groot B, Fogteloo A, Anten S, Mesri K, et al. Predicting adverse health outcomes in older emergency department patients: the APOP study. Neth J Med. 2016;74(8):342–52.
PubMed
Google Scholar
CTcue. <https://ctcue.com/>. Accessed on 7-12-2021.
de Gelder J, Lucke JA, Blomaard L, Booijen A, Fogteloo A, Anten S, et al. Optimization of the APOP screener to predict functional decline or mortality in older emergency department patients: cross-validation in four prospective cohorts. Exp Gerontol. 2018;110:253–9.
Article
Google Scholar
Blomaard L, Lucke J, de Gelder J, Anten S, Alsma J, Schuit S, et al. The APOP screener and clinical outcomes in older hospitalised internal medicine patients. Neth J Med. 2020;78(1):25–33.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Marincowitz C, Turner V, Allgar V, Bellwood J, Wheeler A, Hale M, et al. Can patient frailty be estimated from inpatient records? A prospective cohort study. Advanc Geriatr Med Res. 2020;2(1):e200004.
Google Scholar
Davies J, Whitlock J, Gutmanis I, Kane SL. Inter-rater reliability of the retrospectively assigned clinical frailty scale score in a geriatric outreach population. Can Geriatr J. 2018;21(1):1–5.
Article
Google Scholar
Stille K, Temmel N, Hepp J, Herget-Rosenthal S. Validation of the clinical frailty scale for retrospective use in acute care. Eur Geriatr Med. 2020;11(6):1009–15.
Article
Google Scholar
Fornaess KM, Nome PL, Aakre EK, Hegvik TA, Jammer I. Clinical frailty scale: inter-rater reliability of retrospective scoring in emergency abdominal surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2022;66(1):25–9.
Article
Google Scholar
Darvall JN, Boonstra T, Norman J, Murphy D, Bailey M, Iwashyna TJ, et al. Retrospective frailty determination in critical illness from a review of the intensive care unit clinical record. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2019;47(4):343–8.
Article
Google Scholar
O’Caoimh R, Gao Y, Svendrovski A, Healy E, O’Connell E, O’Keeffe G, et al. Screening for markers of frailty and perceived risk of adverse outcomes using the risk instrument for screening in the community (RISC). BMC Geriatr. 2014;14(1):1–12.
Article
Google Scholar
Andersen FH, Ariansen Haaland Ø, Klepstad P, Flaatten H. Frailty and survival in elderly intensive care patients in Norway. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2021;65(8):1065–72.
Article
Google Scholar
Christensen DM, Strange JE, Gislason G, Torp-Pedersen C, Gerds T, Fosbøl E, et al. Charlson comorbidity index score and risk of severe outcome and death in Danish COVID-19 patients. J Gen Intern Med. 2020;35(9):2801–3.
Article
Google Scholar
Testa G, Cacciatore F, Galizia G, Della-Morte D, Mazzella F, Russo S, et al. Charlson comorbidity index does not predict long-term mortality in elderly subjects with chronic heart failure. Age Ageing. 2009;38(6):734–40.
Article
Google Scholar
Iaccarino G, Grassi G, Borghi C, Ferri C, Salvetti M, Volpe M. Age and Multimorbidity Predict Death Among COVID-19 Patients: Results of the SARS-RAS Study of the Italian Society of Hypertension. Hypertension (Dallas, Tex: 1979). 2020;76(2):366–72.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Covino M, De Matteis G, Santoro M, Sabia L, Simeoni B, Candelli M, et al. Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in COVID-19 patients aged ≥80 years. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2020;20(7):704–8.
Article
Google Scholar
Hewitt J, Carter B, Vilches-Moraga A, Quinn TJ, Braude P, Verduri A, et al. The effect of frailty on survival in patients with COVID-19 (COPE): a multicentre, European, observational cohort study. Lancet Public Health. 2020;5(8):e444–e51.
Article
Google Scholar
Surkan M, Rajabali N, Bagshaw SM, Wang X, Rolfson D. Interrater reliability of the clinical frailty scale by geriatrician and Intensivist in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Can Geriatr J. 2020;23(3):235–41.
Article
Google Scholar
Pugh RJ, Ellison A, Pye K, Subbe CP, Thorpe CM, Lone NI, et al. Feasibility and reliability of frailty assessment in the critically ill: a systematic review. Crit Care. 2018;22(1):49.
Article
Google Scholar
Flaatten H, Guidet B, Andersen FH, Artigas A, Cecconi M, Boumendil A, et al. Reliability of the clinical frailty scale in very elderly ICU patients: a prospective European study. Ann Intensive Care. 2021;11(1):22.
Article
Google Scholar
KNMG & Federatie Medisch Specialisten, Draaiboek ‘Triage op basis van niet-medische overwegingen voor IC-opname ten tijde van fase 3 in de COVID-19 pandemie. [Internet]. 2020 [cited 24-03-2021]. Available from: https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/publicaties/2020/06/16/draaiboek-triage-op-basis-van-niet-medische-overwegingen-voor-ic-opname-ten-tijde-van-fase-3-in-de-covid-19-pandemie.
Robert R, Kentish-Barnes N, Boyer A, Laurent A, Azoulay E, Reignier J. Ethical dilemmas due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Ann Intensive Care. 2020;10(1):84.
Article
Google Scholar
van Dam PM, Zelis N, Stassen P, van Twist DJL, De Leeuw PW, van Kuijk S, et al. Validating the RISE UP score for predicting prognosis in patients with COVID-19 in the emergency department: a retrospective study. BMJ Open. 2021;11(2):e045141.
Article
Google Scholar