Table 1 Characteristics of the study population by cognition status

Male

183 (50.4%)

173 (42.7%)

0.033*

Age (years)

66.3 ± 4.8

67.4 ± 5.0

0.004*

Education (years)

10.8 ± 2.7

9.8 ± 2.9

< 0.001*

Smoking

131 (36.1%)

167 (41.2%)

0.144

Drinking

113 (31.1%)

116 (28.6%)

0.452

Married

331 (91.2%)

330 (81.5%)

< 0.001*

SBP (mmHg)

135.3 ± 12.9

134.0 ± 13.2

0.166

DBP (mmHg)

79.14 ± 8.2

79.2 ± 9.1

0.848

Regular exercise

268 (73.8%)

283 (69.9%)

0.225

Dietary control of diabetes

269 (74.1%)

264 (65.2%)

0.007*

Hypoglycemia

92 (25.3%)

111 (27.4%)

0.517

Diabetic nephropathy

131 (36.1%)

171 (42.2%)

0.082

Cerebrovascular disease

99 (27.3%)

170 (42.0%)

< 0.001*

Cardiovascular disease

154 (42.4%)

177 (43.7%)

0.721

Insulin therapy

158 (43.5%)

179 (44.2%)

0.852

Metformin

161 (44.4%)

178 (44.0%)

0.911

TC (mmol/l)

4.8 (4.1, 5.5)

5.7 (4.0, 5.5)

0.347

TG (mmol/l)

1.4 (1.1, 2.0)

1.4 (1.1, 1.9)

0.389

FBG (mmol/l)

7.6 (6.2, 9.9)

7.8 (6.4, 9.5)

0.835

HbA1c (%)

8.1 (7.1, 9.8)

8.4 (7.2, 10.2)

0.254

Height(cm)

165.74 ± 8.07

164.33 ± 8.35

0.018*

Weight(kg)

71.95 ± 11.24

70.02 ± 11.74

0.021*

FM (kg)

22.61 ± 7.27

22.96 ± 6.86

0.490

SMM (kg)

26.88 ± 5.01

25.48 ± 5.05

< 0.001*

BMI (kg/m²)

26.15 ± 3.41

25.85 ± 3.29

0.225

FMI (kg/m2)

8.31 ± 2.89

8.56 ± 2.67

0.221

SMI (kg/m2)

9.70 ± 1.11

9.34 ± 1.11

< 0.001*

FMR

0.86 ± 0.31

0.93 ± 0.31

0.008*

MoCA

, 27 (26, 28)

23, (22, 24)

< 0.001*