Table 3 Quality assessment using EPHPP quality rating
Author, year | Selection bias | Study design | Blinding | Confounders | Data collection methods | Withdrawal /dropouts | Study quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ki, 2021 [24] | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Weak |
Lee, 2021 [25] | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Weak | Strong | Strong | Weak |
Sun, 2021 [36] | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Lee, 2020 [33] | Moderate | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Shokouhi, 2020 [30] | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Keyong, 2019 [23] | Strong | Strong | Strong | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Moderate |
Tellez, 2019 [31] | Strong | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Schwindling, 2018 [42] | Strong | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate | Moderate |
Seleskog, 2018 [43] | Weak | Strong | Strong | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Moderate |
Marino, 2016 [34] | Moderate | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Moderate | Weak | Weak |
Khanagar, 2015 [40] | Strong | Strong | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Ohara, 2015 [26] | Strong | Strong | Weak | Weak | Strong | Strong | Weak |
Saengtipbovorn, 2015 [28] | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Weak | Strong | Strong | Weak |
Khanagar, 2014 [39] | Strong | Strong | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Saengtipbovorn, 2014 [35] | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Weak | Moderate |
MacEntee, 2007 [41] | Strong | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Zhang, 2007 [32] | Moderate | Strong | Strong | Weak | Moderate | Strong | Moderate |
Nicol, 2005 [44] | Moderate | Moderate | Strong | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Frenkel, 2002 [37] | Strong | Strong | Strong | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Weak |
Frenkel, 2001 [38] | Strong | Strong | Strong | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Moderate |
Powell, 1999 [27] | Moderate | Strong | Moderate | Weak | Strong | Strong | Moderate |
Paulsson, 1998 [45] | Strong | Moderate | Weak | Weak | Strong | Moderate | Weak |
Schou, 1989 [29] | Strong | Strong | Strong | Weak | Weak | Weak | Weak |