Table 4 Results on the association between frailty and the hospitalization-related outcomes, both at the cross-sectional level and at-follow up
From: Healthcare cost expenditures associated to frailty and sarcopenia
Cross-sectional analysis | At follow-up | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Frailty measured with the Frailty Index | Frailty measured with the FTS5 | Frailty measured with the Frailty Index | Frailty measured with the FTS5 | |
Model 1 | ||||
OR on the probability of being admitted to hospital | 3.611*** (2.666–4.899) | 1.586* (1.045–2.361) | 2.687*** (1.990–3.609) | 2.127*** (1.505–3.110) |
Coeff on number of hospital admissions | 0.366 (− 0.092–0.824) | 0.397 (− 0.247–1.039) | 0.535*** (0.306–0.764) | 0.327* (0.104–0.757) |
Coeff on length of hospitalization | 0.739*** (0.417–1.061) | 0.526* (0.094–0.959) | 0.626*** (0.349–0.902) | 0.183* (0.062–0.360) |
Coeff on hospitalization costs | 0.104 (− 0.121–0.330) | 0.206* (0.075–0.487) | 0.212* (0.040–0.385) | 0.064 (− 0.239–0.367) |
Model 2 | ||||
OR on the probability of being admitted to hospital | 2.797*** (2.000–3.923) | 1.283* (1.003–1.996) | 2.337*** (1.677–3.221) | 2.086*** (1.420–3.181) |
Coeff on number of hospital admissions | 0.558 (− 0.081–1.196) | 0.515 (− 0.178–1.209) | 0.628*** (0.342–0.914) | 0.397* (0.084–0.877) |
Coeff on length of hospitalization | 0.845** (0.349–1.344) | 0.498* (0.039–0.958) | 0.724** (0.303–1.145) | 0.155 (− 0.241–0.551) |
Coeff on hospitalization costs | 0.168 (− 0.062–0.398) | 0.112* (0.039–0.185) | 0.327** (0.142–0.512) | 0.131* (0.013–0.249) |
Model 3 | ||||
OR on the probability of being admitted to hospital | 2.172** (1.296–3.666) | 1.054 (0.643–1.697) | 1.766* (1.065–2.876) | 1.701* (1.102–2.716) |
Coeff on number of hospital admissions | 0.127 (− 0.717–0.972) | 0.301 (− 0.470–1.073) | 0.616** (0.189–1.043) | 0.518* (0.069–0.966) |
Coeff on length of hospitalization | 0.719** (0.183–1.256) | 0.555* (0.068–1.042) | 0.761** (0.291–1.231) | 0.274 (− 0.202–0.750) |
Coeff on hospitalization costs | 0.179 (− 0.214–0.572) | 0.186 (− 0.143–0.229) | 0.278* (0.003–0.553) | 0.201* (0.115–0.287) |
Model 4 | ||||
OR on the probability of being admitted to hospital | 1.801* (1.070–3.046) | 0.937 (0.569–1.523) | 1.445 (0.870–2.360) | 1.481* (1.014–2.403) |
Coeff on number of hospital admissions | − 0.101 (− 0.819–0.617) | 0.183 (− 0.516–0.882) | 0.509* (0.075–0.944) | 0.473* (0.066–0.881) |
Coeff on length of hospitalization | 0.450 (− 0.016–0.916) | 0.357 (− 0.075–0.789) | 0.611** (0.200–1.023) | 0.220 (− 0.210–0.650) |
Coeff on hospitalization costs | 0.008 (− 0.342–0.359) | 0.212 (− 0.113–0.538) | 0.227 (− 0.060–0.514) | 0.181* (0.012–0.350) |