Table 1 Characteristics of the sample, at baseline
From: Healthcare cost expenditures associated to frailty and sarcopenia
Variable | Frailty Index | FTS5 | Sarcopenia | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frail | No frail | p-value | Frail | No frail | p-value | With sarcopenia | Without sarcopenia | p-value | |
N (%) | 83 (6.11) | 1275 (93.89) | 141 (10.38) | 1217 (89.62) | 303 (22.31) | 1055 (77.69) | |||
Age (SD) | 81.72 (5.65) | 74.73 (5.89) | < 0.001*** | 79.48 (5.76) | 74.02 (5.47) | < 0.001*** | 77.53 (5.52) | 73.74 (5.52) | < 0.001*** |
Gender, female, n (%) | 936 (68.90) | 718 (52.85) | < 0.001*** | 1021 (75.18) | 693 (51.03) | < 0.001*** | 1116 (82.18) | 615 (45.31) | < 0.001*** |
Sarcopenia yes, n (%) | 867 (63.86) | 266 (19.61) | < 0.001*** | 1088 (80.14) | 212 (15.61) | < 0.001*** | – | – | – |
Charlson Index (SD) | 2.25 (2.30) | 1.08 (1.46) | < 0.001*** | 1.76 (1.93) | 1.11 (1.54) | < 0.001*** | 1.57 (1.90) | 1.06 (1.48) | < 0.001*** |
Drugs, mean (SD) | 7.25 (3.40) | 4.74 (2.86) | < 0.001*** | 6.95 (2.86) | 4.56 (2.77) | < 0.001*** | 6.18 (2.97) | 4.42 (2.73) | < 0.001*** |
Polypharmacy, n (%) | 168 (80.38%) | 731 (49.59%) | < 0.001*** | 112 (79.43%) | 581 (47.74%) | < 0.001*** | 303 (69.97%) | 1055 (45.59%) | < 0.001*** |
Hospitalization yes, n (%) | 370 (27.27) | 117 (8.62) | < 0.001*** | 221 (16.31) | 108 (7.97) | 0.001*** | 166 (12.21) | 107 (7.88) | 0.019* |