Fig. 2

Statistically significant (blue) and non-statistically significant (orange) outcomes of perioperative multicomponent interventions. Note: ADLs, activities of daily living; ED, emergency department; BMI, Body Mass Index. Patient reported outcomes included health status, anxiety and depression, energy expenditure. Discharge status referred to change in function + discharge disposition, new institutionalisation, or discharge home. Immunonutritional markers included neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio (LCR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), albumin; Muscle markers included soft lean mass, and skeletal muscle mass