Table 2 Demographic, clinical data, HGS, muscle mass metrics and sarcopenia prevalence rates in male and female AD patients

Demographic and clinical data

    Age, y

70.57 ± 9.09

72.19 ± 7.68

−1.16

0.249

    BMI

25.46 ± 3.02

26.18 ± 4.51

−1.03

0.280

    MMSE

16.57 ± 5.37

17.17 ± 5.42

−0.65

0.515

Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass

    HGS

21.36 ± 7.26

14.64 ± 5.74

37.39^a

<0.0001

    SMI

10.77 ± 1.27

8.97 ± 1.36

67.83^a

<0.0001

    SM

30.96 ± 4.84

21.96 ± 4.11

152.22^a

<0.0001

    ASM

23.03 ± 3.48

17.60 ± 2.79

136.95^a

<0.0001

    ASM/height²

8.01 ± 0.87

7.20 ± 0.90

48.51^a

<0.0001

    MQI

0.70 ± 0.23

0.70 ± 0.32

0.01^a

0.907

Sarcopenia diagnostic algorithms

    EWGSOP1, Low muscle mass (%)

36 (59%)

1 (1.2%)

62.17

<0.0001

    EWGSOP1, Low muscle strength (%)

54 (88.5%)

65 (77.4%)

2.98

0.084

    EWGSOP1, Sarcopenia (%)

34 (55.7%)

0

61.16

<0.0001

    EWGSOP2, Low muscle strength (%)

47 (77%)

48 (57.1%)

6.20

<0.005

    EWGSOP2, Low muscle mass (%)

5 (8.2%)

1 (1.2%)

4.37

<0.05

    EWGSOP2, Sarcopenia (%)

5 (8.2%)

0

7.13

<0.01

    FNIH, Low muscle strength (%)

43 (70.5%)

48 (57.1%)

2.69

0.101

    FNIH, Low muscle mass (%)

13 (21.3%)

5 (6%)

7.67

<0.01

    FNIH, Sarcopenia (%)

12 (19.7%)

2 (2.4%)

12.11

<0.001