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Table 1 Comparison of baseline demographic and cognitive profile of older adults by dementia conversion at 6 years

From: Development and validation of cognitive ageing risk score (CARS) for early detection of subtle cognitive deficits in older people

 

All

(N = 289)

Stable

(N = 217)

Converter

(N = 72)

T-test/r

Mean

S.D.

Mean

S.D.

Mean

S.D.

p-value

Age

67.8

5.9

66.7

5.4

71.3

6.0

< 0.001

Years of Education

10.3

4.8

10.9

4.6

8.4

5.0

< 0.001

Male (%)

44.4

-

40.6

-

56.9

-

0.015

Smoking (%)

6.5

-

4.6

-

12.5

-

0.019

Drinking (%)

25.2

-

24.9

-

23.6

-

0.828

BMI

23.5

3.5

23.7

3.7

23.0

2.5

0.099

CIRS Total

2.7

1.7

2.6

1.6

3.0

2.0

0.133

Severity of diabetes

0.4

1.0

0.3

0.8

0.6

1.3

0.008

Severity of hypertension

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.336

Severity of hyperlipidaemia

0.4

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.913

CISR total

3.3

5.7

2.9

5.4

4.3

6.6

0.074

Loneliness total

2.2

1.7

2.0

1.7

2.5

1.6

0.025

Lonely (%)

62.0

-

73.6

-

58.1

-

0.019

CPSQI total

5.6

3.4

5.3

3.4

6.4

3.6

0.024

Sleep latency

0.9

1.0

0.8

0.9

1.2

1.1

0.003

Sleep Efficiency

0.8

1.1

0.7

1.0

1.1

1.2

0.011

No. of physical exercises

       

Light (≥ 15 min/wk)

0.8

0.7

0.8

0.7

0.9

0.8

0.285

Light (≥ 30 min/wk)

0.7

0.6

0.7

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.800

Light (≥ 45 min/wk)

0.4

0.6

0.5

0.6

0.3

0.5

0.007

Light (≥ 60 min/wk)

0.4

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.3

0.5

0.026

MB (≥ 15 min/wk)

0.6

0.9

0.6

0.9

0.3

0.6

0.001

MB (≥ 30 min/wk)

0.5

0.8

0.5

0.8

0.3

0.6

0.007

MB (≥ 45 min/wk)

0.4

0.7

0.4

0.7

0.2

0.6

0.022

MB (≥ 60 min/wk)

0.4

0.6

0.4

0.7

0.2

0.6

0.024

Strenuous (≥ 15 min/wk)

0.5

0.8

0.6

0.9

0.6

0.7

0.398

Strenuous (≥ 30 min/wk)

0.5

0.8

0.5

0.8

0.5

0.7

0.909

Strenuous (≥ 45 min/wk)

0.4

0.7

0.4

0.7

0.3

0.6

0.297

Strenuous (≥ 60 min/wk)

0.4

0.7

0.4

0.7

0.3

0.6

0.244

CMMSE

28.9

1.2

29.0

1.1

28.6

1.2

0.003

CVFT

47.2

9.0

48.8

8.6

42.5

8.5

< 0.001

Delayed Recall

7.1

1.6

7.4

1.5

6.1

1.5

< 0.001

ApoE4 carrier (%)

18.0

-

15.1

-

30

-

0.010

  1. BMI = Body Mass Index; CIRS = the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale; CISR = Revised Clinical Interview Schedule; CPSQI = Chinese version of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index; MB = Mind body; CMMSE = Cantonese version of the mini-mental state examination; CVFT = Category verbal fluency test; ApoE4 = Apolipoprotein e4. S.D.= Standard deviation