Table 5 Differences in knowledge, attitude, and practice of pre-diabetic older people based on individual and social characteristics

Gender

Male

1.73 (0.58)

0.129

2.32 (1.80)

0.452

5.80 (2.79)

0.764

Female

1.70 (1.38)

2.12 (2.07)

5.70 (2.34)

Marital status

Single

1.83 (0.38)

0.021

1.75 (1.86)

0.042

5.25 (2.37)

0.138

Married

1.77 (1.08)

2.43 (1.82)

5.78 (2.69)

Divorced

1.84 (0.80)

2.61 (1.60)

6.84 (1.57)

Widow

1.33 (0.71)

1.20 (2.26)

5.43 (2.52)

Level of education

Illiterate

1.19 (0.69)

< 0.001

1.46 (2.37)

0.171

5.15 (2.32)

0.169

Elementary

1.61 (0.81)

2.20 (1.82)

5.40 (2.06)

Diploma

1.66 (0.51)

2.61 (1.71)

5.84 (2.69)

University and higher

2.38 (2.17)

2.07 (1.69)

6.65 (3.39)

Family income

More income than expenses

2.00 (0.00)

0.457

2.50 (0.70)

0.814

5.50 (3.53)

0.490

Income equals expenditure

2.00 (0.00)

3.00 (0.00)

4.00 (1.41)

Income less than expenses

1.71 (1.01)

2.23 (1.93)

5.78 (2.61)

Physical activity

Regular

1.90 (0.60)

0.001

2.63 (1.44)

0.104

5.95 (3.11)

0.304

Occasional

1.77 (1.16)

2.24 (1.94)

5.88 (2.62)

Never

1.42 (0.78)

1.90 (2.18)

5.32 (2.03)

Smoking history

Yes

1.64 (0.55)

0.791

2.61 (2.17)

0.898

5.31 (2.69)

0.026

No

1.76 (1.18)

2.28 (1.76)

6.02 (2.53)

Family history of diabetes

Yes

1.37 (1.05)

0.003

1.37 (2.56)

0.135

5.37 (2.81)

0.321

No

1.76 (0.99)

2.34 (1.80)

5.81 (2.58)

Continuous variables

Correlation coefficient

P-value

Correlation coefficient

P-value

Correlation coefficient

P-value

Age

r = -0.126

0.063

r = 0.064

0.348

r = 0.019

0.779

Body Mass Index (BMI)

r = 0.141

0.037

r = -0.053

0.438

r = -0.057

0.40