Table 3 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of participants by frailty status

Age (308)

 60–69 years

56

49

26

33

 70–79 years

68

31

14.446

25

26

19.849

 ≥80 years

81

23

(<.001)

34

5

(<.001)

Sex (308)

 Female

108

47

1.364

44

28

0.939

 Male

97

56

(0.277)

41

36

(0.408)

Marital status (308)

 Married

99

59

 2.217

43

41

 2.695

 Unmarried*

106

44

 (0.148)

42

23

 (0.133)

Education (306)

 Secondary or higher

23

22

14

13

 Primary complete

85

58

37

37

 Some primary

26

10

19.923

8

7

7.666

 No formal

69

13

(<.001)

25

7

(0.052)

Literacy (307)

 Read/write well

64

61

38

36

 Read/write with difficulty

46

23

27.237

14

20

13.048

 Unable

94

19

(<.001)

32

8

(<.001)

Number of self-reported

chronic conditions (277)

 0–1

87

55

8.039

36

33

3.286

 ≥2

104

31

(0.006)

42

20

(0.051)

Barthel Index (308)

 0 ADL disability

14

85

180.092

23

49

55.829

 ≥1 ADL disability

191

18

(<.001)

62

15

(<.001)

IDEA-IADL (301)

 0 IADL disability

93

90

53.582

42

57

30.790

 ≥1 ADL disability

108

10

(<.001)

42

4

(<.001)

IDEA-Cog score (308)

 0–4 (poor cognition)

122

22

40

3

 5–7 (moderate cognition)

 8–12 (good cognition)

40

43

23

58

47.713

(<.001)

20

25

16

45

35.746

(<.001)

EURO-D score (303)

 0–3 depressive symptoms

30

24

3.199

7

17

8.694

 ≥4 depressive symptoms

170

79

(0.082)

76

47

(0.004)

CAM (293)

 Positive for delirium

 Negative for delirium

35

157

4

97

11.678 (<.001)

10

73

2

60

3.639 (0.071)