Effects of high-intensity training on fatty infiltration in paraspinal muscles in elderly males with osteosarcopenia – the randomized controlled FrOST study

Table 5 Left erector spinae muscle—baseline and absolute changes after 16 months

Erector spinae left		Baseline MV (SD)	Absolut change MV (SD)	*p
IF volume [cm³]	CG	7.84 (4.545)	-0.116 (0.41)	.216
	HIRT	8.00 (6.255)	-0.098 (0.414)	.297
	p**	.725	.785
IF FF [%]	CG	25.71 (39.96)	1.00 (3.24)	.176
	HIRT	22.54 (39.56)	1.27 (3.375)	.105
	p**	.329	.327
IMAT volume [cm³]	CG	1.03 (2.88)	0.080 (0.252)	.167
	HIRT	0.93 (3.195)	0.059 (0.266)	.325
	p**	.695	.819
MT volume [cm³]	CG	5.74 (6.075)	-0.111 (0.468)	.297
	HIRT	6.07 (4.635)	-0.191 (0.482)	0.09
	p**	.453	.485
MT FF [%]	CG	10.00 (10,22)	0.204 (2.133)	.671
	HIRT	8.97 (11.84)	0.659 (2.214)	.194
	p**	.255	.239

p** Between-group differences (CG vs HIRT), p* Within-group differences (FU vs BL), IF intra-fascial, FF fat fraction, IMAT intra-muscular adipose tissue, MT muscle tissue, CG control group, HIRT exercise group, Baseline first baseline measurements without any interventions, Δ Absolut absolute change from baseline to follow-up measurements after 16 monthsm, MV mean value, SD mean standard deviation; significant p values are shown in bold

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