Skip to main content

Table 4 The differences in the weekly prescription and consultation rates in 2020 and 2021 compared with the corresponding weeks in 2019

From: Patterns of psychotropic drug prescriptions and general practice consultations among community-dwelling older people with dementia during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic

 

Phase 0 in 2020

(week 1 – week 8)

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

Phase 4

Phase 5

Phase 6

 

Mean [95% CI]

Mean [95% CI]

Mean [95% CI]

Mean [95% CI]

Mean [95% CI]

Mean [95% CI]

Mean [95% CI]

Northern Region

 Antipsychotics

2.26

[-1.49, 6.02]

0.53a

[-4.39, 5.44]

-5.09

[-8.07, -2.10]**

-4.21

[-7.10, -1.32]**

-3.77

[-6.55, -0.98]*

-3.56

[-5.47, -1.66]***

-3.89

[-8.10, 0.32]

 Anxiolytics

-2.77

[-5.29, -0.25]*

-1.44

[-4.59, 1.70]

1.58a

[-0.19, 3.35]

0.14

[-2.12, 2.40]

1.71

[-1.11, 4.53]

-0.74

[-2.85, 1.38]

-2.83

[-6.44, 0.79]

 Hypnotics/Sedatives

-0.60

[-5.31, 4.12]

-2.79b

[-5.84, 0.26]

-5.70

[-7.48, -3.93]***

-3.99

[-6.30, -1.69]**

-3.50

[-5.89, -1.10]**

-5.82

[-7.77, -3.87]***

-2.97a

[-6.87, 0.94]

 Antidepressants

-20.00

[-26.18, -13.80]***

-21.40

[-27.22, -15.58]*

-12.11

[-15.80, -8.41]***

-4.79

[-9.69, 0.10]

-16.95

[-20.95, -12.95]***

-7.84

[-11.28, -4.39]***

-5.43

[-13.08, 2.23]

 Anti-dementia drugs

-6.33

[-11.09, -1.58]*

-8.51

[-11.96, -5.07]***

-9.53

[-11.71, -7.36]***

-7.87a

[-11.38, -4.35]***

-11.28

[-14.30, -8.26]***

-7.66

[-9.75, -5.57]***

-5.86

[-10.83, -0.88]*

 Statins

-26.48

[-33.29, -19.68]***

-32.07

[-41.17, -22.98]***

-24.42

[-29.47, -19.38]***

-15.50

[-22.21, -8.79]***

-29.44

[-35.06, -23.82]***

-25.16 a

[-30.51, -19.81]***

-20.52

[-25.96, -15.08]***

 Opioids

-2.14

[-7.59, 3.32]

-0.73

[-4.24, 2.77]

-1.27

[-3.82, 1.28]

-2.11

[-5.55, 1.32]

0.26

[-3.22, 3.74]

0.37

[-1.77, 2.50]

-2.85

[-8.18, 2.48]

Southern Region

 Antipsychotics

8.16

[1.58, 14.73]*

5.63

[2.00, 9.26]**

-1.36

[-3.57, 0.85]

-0.73

[-5.09, 3.63]

1.84

[-3.62, 7.31]

-0.49

[-3.20, 2.21]

-1.55

[-5.59, 2.49]

 Anxiolytics

0.29

[-5.87, 6.45]

-1.85

[-5.84, 2.15]

-7.79

[-10.89, -4.70]***

-2.78

[-7.24, 1.67]

-0.63

[-2.83, 1.57]

-4.52

[-6.50, -2.53]***

-5.00

[-8.74, -1.25]*

 Hypnotics/Sedatives

-0.53

[-5.58, 4.52]

-0.61

[-3.73, 2.51]

-4.47

[-6.95, -1.98]**

0.76

[-2.54, 4.06]

-3.35

[-6.76, 0.06]

-0.04

[-2.59, 2.51]

-1.60

[-6.52, 3.32]

 Antidepressants

-0.78

[-10.24, 8.68]

-1.69a

[-6.93, 3.55]

-5.37

[-10.01, -0.73]*

-6.96

[-12.23, -1.69]*

0.97

[-6.43, 8.37]

-2.23

[-6.47, 2.01]

-12.01

[-16.32, -7.69]***

 Anti-dementia drugs

0.35a

[-6.00, 6.70]

-1.72

[-5.44, 2.01]

-2.53

[-4.31, -0.76]**

-3.49

[-6.67, -0.31]*

-4.19

[-7.97, -0.40]*

-2.36

[-6.13, 1.40]

-4.75

[-11.10, 1.59]

 Statins

-2.59

[-12.98, 7.79]

-0.36

[-5.54, 4.81]

-4.30

[-8.88, 0.28]

-12.89a

[-23.73, -2.04]*

9.18

[0.99, 17.37]*

13.38

[9.78, 16.97]***

-4.23

[-10.23, 1.77]

 Opioids

-5.20

[-14.65, 4.25]

-3.86

[-9.02, 1.30]

-9.61

[-12.83, -6.40]***

-3.50a

[-8.80, 1.80]

-0.31

[-4.47, 3.85]

-1.00

[-4.19, 2.19]

1.55

[-2.30, 5.39]

Consultations

 Northern region

3.89

[-52.88, 60.66]

-82.78

[-144.31, -21.25]*

2.50

[-39.93, 44.93]

69.00a

[5.46, 132.54]*

125.27

[86.02, 164.52]***

46.33

[6.35, 86.32]*

92.05a

[57.63, 126.46]***

 Southern region

13.47

[ -30.01,56.95]

-10.07

[-61.77, 41.63]

-12.32

[-40.74, 16.10]

13.12

[-47.90, 74.14]

90.29

[20.70, 159.87]*

72.67

[46.32, 99.01]***

88.32

[36.86, 139.78]**

  1. 95% CI 95% confidence interval
  2. P value: *** < 0.001, ** < 0.01, * < 0.05
  3. aThe data is not normally distributed. The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed similar statistical results to the one-sample t-test
  4. bThe data is not normally distributed. The Wilcoxon signed rank test showed different statistical result, which was statistic significant, with p value = 0.04