Table 5 Bivariate and multivariate generalized linear model regression analysis for identifying factors associated with the total healthcare expenditures of hospitalized older adults
Variables | Unadjusted B (95%CI) | p- value | Adjusted B (95%CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of PIMs (reference: No PIM) | Â | 0.044 | Â | Â |
 One PIM | -0.042 (-0.238, 0.153) | 0.670 | -0.162 (-0.329, 0.004) | 0.056 |
 Two PIMs | 0.111 (-0.107, 0.328) | 0.319 | -0.174 (-0.369, 0.021) | 0.080 |
 Three and above | 0.265 (-0.023, 0.554) | 0.072 | -0.028 (-0.283, 0.227) | 0.832 |
Female sex (reference: Male) | -0.178 (-0.378, 0.022) | 0.081 | -0.181 (-0.265, -0.048) | 0.175 |
Financial dependence (reference: Dependent) | ||||
 Independent | 0.259 (0.076, 0.441) | 0.005 | -0108 (-0.257, 0.040) | 0.153 |
Traditional medicine use (reference: no) | -0.176 (-0.401, 0.048) | 0.124 | -0.012 (-0.189, 0.166) | 0.899 |
Patients with endocrine, nutritional or metabolic diseases (reference: without) | 0.161 (-0.024, 0.345) | 0.089 | 0.115 (-0.022, 0.251) | 0.101 |
Patients with diseases of the nervous system (reference: without) | -0.307 (-0.533, -0.082) | 0.008 | -0.307 (-0.502, -0.112) | 0.002* |
Patients with diseases of the respiratory system (reference: without) | -0.126 (-0.282, 0.030) | 0.114 | -0.196 (-0.327, -0.065) | 0.003* |
Patients with symptoms, signs or clinical findings, not elsewhere classified (reference: without) | -0.183 (-0.474, 0.108) | 0.217 | -0.131 (-0.356, 0.094) | 0.251 |
Number of in-hospital medications, count | 0.087 (0.062, 0.113) | 0.000 | 0.068 (0.035, 0.101) |  < 0.001* |
Patients with blood‒blood-forming organ medication prescription (reference: no) | 0.304 (0.154, 0.453) |  < 0.001 | 0.151 (0.005, 0.297) | 0.042* |
Patients with systemic hormonal medications prescription (reference: no) | 0.146 (-0.049, 0.342) | 0.142 | -0.009 (-0.174, 0.156) | 0.916 |
Patients with antiinfectives for systemic use prescription (reference: no) | 0.247 (0.085, 0.409) | 0.003 | 0.113 (-0.034, 0.260) | 0.133 |
Patients with nervous system medications prescription (reference: no) | 0.179 (0.0003, 0.357) | 0.050 | 0.045 (-0.102, 0.191) | 0.550 |
Length of hospital stay, days | 0.007 (0.002, 0.012) | 0.010 | 0.003 (-0.001, 0.007) | 0.146 |