Association between obesity, physical activity, and cognitive decline in Chinese middle and old-aged adults: a mediation analysis

Table 2 Association between body mass index, abdominal obesity, and physical activity with trajectories of cognitive function scores

Variable	No of patients	Crude OR (95% CI)	Crude P	Adjusted OR (95% CI) ^a	Adjusted P ^a	Adjusted OR (95% CI) ^b	Adjusted P ^b
Body mass index, kg/m²
Underweight (< 18.5)	384	1.77(1.46,2.15)	< 0.001	1.29(1.05,1.58)	0.014	1.26(1.02,1.55)	0.029
Normal (18.5–23.9)	3,839	1.00(1.00,1.00)	Ref.	1.00(1.00,1.00)	Ref.	1.00(1.00,1.00)	Ref.
Overweight (24–27.9)	2,253	0.71(0.64,0.78)	< 0.001	0.84(0.76,0.93)	0.001	0.84(0.76,0.93)	0.001
Obesity (≥ 28)	916	0.64(0.56,0.73)	< 0.001	0.81(0.71,0.94)	0.004	0.81(0.70,0.94)	0.006
Per SD	7,392	0.77(0.74,0.81)	< 0.001	0.89(0.85,0.94)	< 0.001	0.90(0.85,0.95)	< 0.001
Physical activity	3,172	0.72(0.57,0.90)	0.004	0.64(0.50,0.81)	< 0.001	0.66(0.52,0.84)	0.001

Abbreviations: SD indicates standard deviation
^a Adjusted for age, gender, residence, marital status, educational level, smoking status, and drinking status
^b Further adjusted for medical history (CVD, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and chronic kidney disease) and history of medication use (CVD medications, hypertension medications, diabetes medications, and lipid-lowering therapy)

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