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Table 2 Results of analysis of outcomes using linear mixed effects models (MEM).

From: Improving quality of life in the elderly: hearing loss treatment with cochlear implants

Linear MEM outcomes

Baseline Mean (SEM)

Change from baseline to 12 month (95% CI)

Change from baseline to 18 months (95% CI)

Change from 12 to 18 months (95% CI)

Significance of overall effect of visit

HHIE-S

29.3 (1.08)

-8.02 (-10.44, -5.61)

-8.8 (-11.26, -6.34)

-0.77 (-3.25, 1.71)

F[2,159.04] = 45.12, p < 0.001

HUI3 Multi

0.40 (0.03)

0.14 (0.07, 0.20)

0.13 (0.06, 0.19)

-0.01 (-0.07, 0.06)

F[2,431.04] = 43.61, p < 0.001

HUI3 Hearing

0.31 (0.03)

0.23 (0.16, 0.31)

0.25 (0.18, 0.33)

0.02 (-0.05, 0.10)

F[2,439.56] = 106.83, p < 0.001

GDS-15

3.64 (0.36)

0.07 (-0.75, 0.89)

-0.16 (-0.99, 0.67)

-0.23 (-1.09, 0.63)

F[2,169.87] = 0.21, p = 0.81

  1. Change from baseline to 12 and 18 months after implantation for measures using linear mixed effects models (MEM). All models adjust for age group and confidence intervals use a Tukey adjustment for multiple comparisons. Only the GDS-15 was not statistically significant. SEM: standard error of the mean. CI: confidence interval