Table 6 Results of subgroup analysis and effects stratified by education and gender
| Â | All gender | Males | Females | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Primary school | Middle school | high school | Primary school | Middle school | high school | Primary school | Middle school | high school |
| Â | and below | Â | and above | and below | Â | and above | and below | Â | and above |
| Â | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | (7) | (8) | (9) |
CHEI score | 0.039 | 0.072\(^{*}\) | -0.016 | -0.030 | 0.088\(^{*}\) | -0.040 | 0.112\(^{***}\) | 0.051 | 0.057 |
| Â | (0.023) | (0.033) | (0.031) | (0.033) | (0.042) | (0.038) | (0.031) | (0.056) | (0.056) |
Age | -0.106\(^{***}\) | -0.159\(^{***}\) | -0.159\(^{***}\) | -0.104\(^{***}\) | -0.175\(^{***}\) | -0.143\(^{***}\) | -0.106\(^{***}\) | -0.155\(^{***}\) | -0.198\(^{***}\) |
| Â | (0.015) | (0.026) | (0.023) | (0.022) | (0.032) | (0.028) | (0.022) | (0.045) | (0.043) |
Urban/Rural | 0.660\(^{**}\) | 0.965\(^{**}\) | 1.025\(^{**}\) | 0.648 | 1.268\(^{**}\) | 1.077\(^{*}\) | 0.586 | 0.619 | 0.897 |
| Â | (0.249) | (0.366) | (0.356) | (0.381) | (0.469) | (0.431) | (0.334) | (0.600) | (0.682) |
Log(income) | -0.104 | 0.014 | 0.796\(^{***}\) | 0.203 | 0.055 | 0.775\(^{**}\) | -0.413\(^{**}\) | -0.012 | 0.992\(^{*}\) |
| Â | (0.101) | (0.185) | (0.220) | (0.141) | (0.219) | (0.269) | (0.145) | (0.363) | (0.398) |
BMI | 0.069 | 0.061 | 0.337 | 0.162 | -0.098 | 0.314 | 0.032 | 0.339 | 0.466 |
| Â | (0.129) | (0.208) | (0.198) | (0.186) | (0.264) | (0.251) | (0.179) | (0.335) | (0.347) |
ADL disability | -1.412\(^{**}\) | -0.860 | -0.502 | -2.182\(^{**}\) | -0.758 | -0.511 | -0.736 | -1.430 | -0.101 |
| Â | (0.490) | (1.026) | (0.972) | (0.725) | (1.323) | (1.398) | (0.667) | (1.629) | (1.386) |
Physical activity | 0.002 | -0.004 | -0.002 | 0.003 | -0.003 | 0.000 | 0.000 | -0.002 | -0.014 |
| Â | (0.003) | (0.005) | (0.008) | (0.003) | (0.005) | (0.009) | (0.005) | (0.010) | (0.023) |
Drinker | -0.121 | 0.507 | 0.125 | -0.238 | 0.403 | -0.021 | -0.105 | -0.130 | 1.404 |
| Â | (0.257) | (0.363) | (0.356) | (0.296) | (0.402) | (0.402) | (0.630) | (1.622) | (1.071) |
Smoker | 0.551\(^{*}\) | 0.789\(^{*}\) | -0.008 | 0.686\(^{*}\) | 0.483 | 0.128 | -0.427 | 1.599 | -0.333 |
| Â | (0.243) | (0.350) | (0.369) | (0.300) | (0.411) | (0.418) | (0.541) | (1.074) | (1.187) |
Diabetes | -1.117 | 0.143 | -0.844 | 0.203 | 0.313 | -0.829 | -1.675\(^{*}\) | -0.373 | -0.826 |
| Â | (0.649) | (0.772) | (0.600) | (1.160) | (1.073) | (0.712) | (0.793) | (1.108) | (1.173) |
Hypertension | -1.058\(^{***}\) | 0.190 | -0.165 | -0.731 | 0.145 | -0.003 | -1.316\(^{***}\) | 0.384 | -0.517 |
| Â | (0.278) | (0.407) | (0.354) | (0.425) | (0.509) | (0.432) | (0.371) | (0.677) | (0.650) |
Constant | 20.920\(^{***}\) | 21.420\(^{***}\) | 20.560\(^{***}\) | 22.160\(^{***}\) | 21.580\(^{***}\) | 21.050\(^{***}\) | 19.410\(^{***}\) | 22.030\(^{***}\) | 17.030\(^{***}\) |
| Â | (1.675) | (2.588) | (2.427) | (2.467) | (3.282) | (2.974) | (2.353) | (4.195) | (4.446) |
Observations | 1,765 | 632 | 711 | 867 | 430 | 489 | 898 | 202 | 222 |
R-squared | 0.059 | 0.082 | 0.103 | 0.061 | 0.094 | 0.082 | 0.062 | 0.078 | 0.139 |