Efficacy of sensory-based static balance training on the balance ability, aging attitude, and perceived stress of older adults in the community: a randomized controlled trial

Ni, Yingyuan; Li, Shasha; Lv, Xiaoying; Wang, Yuecong; Xu, Lijun; Xi, Yingxue; Sun, Yanhua; Bao, Jianyi; Liao, Shufang; Li, Yue

doi:10.1186/s12877-023-04596-5

Table 5 Simple effect analysis and multiple comparisons of time

From: Efficacy of sensory-based static balance training on the balance ability, aging attitude, and perceived stress of older adults in the community: a randomized controlled trial

Outcome Measures		Intervention Group	F/Waldχ2	P Value	Control Group	F/Waldχ2	P Value
Outcome Measures		Difference (95% CI)	F/Waldχ2	P Value	Difference (95% CI)	F/Waldχ2	P Value
SPPB	T		29.211	0.000*		0.022	0.978
	T0 T1	-1.12(-1.48, -0.76)		0.000*	0.03(-0.33,0.38)		1.000
	T0 T2	-0.88(-1.22,-0.55)		0.000*	0.03(-0.30,0.36)		1.000
	T1 T2	0.24(-0.07,0.40)		0.002*	0(-0.16,0.16)		1.000
BT	T		37.698	0.000*		11.789	0.003*
	T0 T1	-0.74(-1.02,-0.45)		0.000*	0.26(0.01,0.50)		0.035*
	T0 T2	-0.56(-0.83,0.29)		0.000*	0.29(0.04,0.53)		0.017*
	T1 T2	0.18(0.02,0.33)		0.021*	0.03(-0.28,0.34)		1.000
STS	T		12.258	0.002*		0.98	0.613
	T0 T1	-0.35(-0.59,-0.11)		0.001*	0.09(-0.18,0.35)		1.000
	T0 T2	-0.24(-0.48,0.01)		0.065	-0.03(-0.27,0.22)		1.000
	T1 T2	0.12(-0.08,0.31)		0.435	-0.11(-0.40,0.17)		1.000
OLST	T		80.428	0.000*		0.091	0.763
	T0 T1	-21.09(-26.72,-15.46)		0.000*	0.03(-0.02,0.26)		1.000
	T0 T2	-16.72(-21.71,-11.76)		0.000*	0.03(-0.02,0.26)		1.000
	T1 T2	4.35(1.70,7.00)		0.000*	0.00(0.00,0.00)		1.000
AAQ	T		45.981	0.000*		0.775	0.465
	T0 T1	-5.44(-6.85,-4.03)		0.000*	0.09(-1.30,1.50)		1.000
	T0 T2	-5.30(-6.75,-3.81)		0.000*	0.23(-1.20,1.66		1.000
	T1 T2	0.15(-0.14,0.43)		0.626	0.14(-0.14,0.42)		0.645
Psychosocial loss	T		11.514	0.000*		1.467	0.238
	T0 T1	-1.68(-2.60,0.76)		0.000*	0.09(-0.82,0,99)		1.000
	T0 T2	-1.53(-2.50,0.57)		0.001*	0.26(-0.69,1.21)		1.000
	T1 T2	0.15(-0.10,0.40)		0.450	0.17(-0.07,0.42)		0.269
Physical change	T		15.615	0.000*		0.753	0.475
	T0 T1	-2.06(-2.96,-1.16)		0.000*	-0.23(-1.12,0.66)		1.000
	T0 T2	-2.03(-2.94,-1.12)		0.000*	-0.17(-1.07,0.73)		1.000
	T1 T2	0.03(-0.11,0.16)		1.000	0.06(-0.08,0.19)		0.883
Psychological growth	T		21.164	0.000*		0.005	0.995
	T0 T1	-1.74(-2.39,-1.08)		0.000*	0.09(-0.56,0.73)		1.000
	T0 T2	-1.77(-2.44,-1.10)		0.000*	0.11(-0.55,0.78)		1.000
	T1 T2	-0.03(-0.21,0.15)		1.000	0.03(-0.15,0.20)		1.000

Abbreviations: G group, G₁ intervention group, G₂ control group, T time point, T₀ pretest, T₁ posttest 1, T₂ follow-test 2, SPPB Short Physical Performance Battery, BT Balance Test, GS Gait Speed, STS Chair Sit-to-stand, OLST One Leg Stand Test, AAQ Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire, CPSS Chinese Perceived Stress Scale, * indicates a significant difference (p ≤0 .05)

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ISSN: 1471-2318

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