Table 1 Comparison of elderly characteristics based on anemia status

Age^a(years)

82.5 ± 11

89.3 ± 10.6

4.38

< 0.001

Female^b(%)

867 (50.7)

385 (55.4)

4.36

0.037

Nationality(han)^b (%)

1488 (93.2)

569 (87.1)

21.55

< 0.001

Married^b(%)

870 (51.3)

214 (31)

82.06

< 0.001

Rural^b(%)

1537 (94.5)

638 (96.2)

3.06

0.080

Education level^b(%)

Illiteracy

795 (47.6)

437 (65.5)

63.72

< 0.001

1-6 years

638 (38.2)

179 (26.8)

≥7 years

239 (14.3)

51 (7.7)

Smoking^b(%)

327 (19.2)

90 (13)

13.14

< 0.001

Drinking^b(%)

320 (18.8)

104 (15.1)

4.65

0.031

Physic^b(%)

391 (23.2)

85 (12.5)

35.72

< 0.001

Tea drinking^b(%)

1367 (81.1)

621 (90)

28.52

< 0.001

Disease^b(%)

705 (41.2)

313 (45)

2.94

0.087

BMI^a(kg/m²)

23 ± 4.4

21.4 ± 3.9

13.78

< 0.001

Elevated BMI^b(%)

611 (37.1)

160 (24.7)

31.88

< 0.001

DDS^a(point)

4.5 ± 1.9

4.10 ± 1.8

6.15

< 0.001

Low DDS^b(%)

848 (50.2)

404 (58.5)

13.32

< 0.001

HGB^a(g/L)

141.7 ± 13.2

110.7 ± 13.1

7.82

< 0.001

VB₁₂^a(pg/mL)

357.3 ± 181.8

307.9 ± 170.3

52.25

< 0.001