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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the TAH group and control group

From: Thiazide-associated hyponatremia increases the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events among elderly Taiwanese patients

 

TAH group

n = 1155

Control group

n = 3465

P-value

Age

78.9 ± 7.5

78.6 ± 7.4

0.813

Sex, male

469(40.6)

1403(40.5)

0.945

CCIS

2.4 ± 1.9

1.2 ± 1.5

< 0.001

 Myocardial infarction

20(1.7)

28(0.8)

0.007

 Congestive heart failure

318(27.5)

544(15.7)

< 0.001

 Peripheral vascular disease

61(5.3)

113(3.3)

0.002

 Cerebrovascular disease

275(23.8)

371(10.7)

< 0.001

 Dementia

109(9.4)

154(4.4)

< 0.001

 COPD

260(22.5)

350(10.1)

< 0.001

 Connective tissue disease

28(2.4)

31(0.9)

< 0.001

 Peptic ulcer disease

276(23.9)

366(10.6)

< 0.001

 CKD

172(14.9)

200(5.8)

< 0.001

 Hemiplegia

18(1.6)

19(0.6)

< 0.001

 Solid tumor

104(9.0)

187(5.4)

 

 Liver disease

74(6.4)

113(3.3)

< 0.001

DM

505(43.7)

878(25.3)

< 0.001

Event

  

< 0.001

 None

764(66.2)

2788(80.5)

 

 MACE

128(11.1)

254(7.3)

 

 Death

263(22.8)

423(12.2)

 

CV death

19(1.6)

20(0.5)

 

Medication

   

 ACEI

91(7.9)

276(7.8)

0.925

 ARB

819(70.9)

2620(75.6)

0.002

 CCB

709(61.4)

1753(50.6)

< 0.001

 α-blockers

166(14.4)

304(8.8)

< 0.001

 β-blockers

318(27.5)

840(24.2)

0.025

 Furosemide

265(22.9)

365(10.5)

< 0.001

 Indapamide

38(3.3)

103(3.0)

0.587

 Spironolactone

58(5.0)

72(2.1)

< 0.001

 Amiloride

52(4.5)

121(3.5)

0.117

 NSAIDs

429(37.1)

1094(31.6)

0.001

 TCA

59(5.1)

74(2.1)

< 0.001

 Diazepam

117(10.1)

182(5.3)

< 0.001

Follow up (years)

3.5 ± 1.4

3.8 ± 1.4

< 0.001

  1. *Abbreviation: CCIS, Charlson Comorbidity Index score; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CCB, calcium channel blocker; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; TCA, tricyclic antidepressant