Characteristics | Social Support | Loneliness | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | p | Mean (SD) | p | |
Total | 39.4(5.9) | Â | 12.9(4.0) | Â |
Age | Â | 0.001a | Â | 0.491a |
 60–65 | 40.0(6.0) |  | 13.2(3.9) |  |
 Over 65 | 38.9(5.6) |  | 12.7(4.2) |  |
Education | Â | 0.096a | Â | 0.233a |
 Illiterate | 39.2(6.0) |  | 13.4(4.2) |  |
 Elementary school | 39.0(5.2) |  | 12.8(3.9) |  |
 Middle School | 39.0(6.2) |  | 12.5(4.0) |  |
 High School and above | 41.2(6.0) |  | 12.4(3.5) |  |
Marital status |  |  < .001b |  | 0.404b |
 Married | 39.9(5.7) |  | 12.9(4.0) |  |
 Unmarried | 35.2(5.9) |  | 13.4(4.0) |  |
Chronic diseases | Â | 0.020b | Â | 0.280b |
 No | 39.9(5.7) |  | 12.7(3.8) |  |
 Yes | 38.6(6.0) |  | 13.2(4.2) |  |
Self-rated health | Â | 0.172a | Â | 0.595a |
 Excellent | 40.5(5.1) |  | 12.7(4.2) |  |
 Very good | 38.7(6.8) |  | 13.3(3.9) |  |
 Good | 39.4(5.2) |  | 12.7(4.1) |  |
 Fair and below | 39.0(5.6) |  | 12.9(3.9) |  |
Monthly income |  |  < 0.001a |  |  < 0.001a |
 0–100 RMB | 38.6(6.1) |  | 13.2(4.2) |  |
 101–500 RMB | 38.2(6.2) |  | 14.4(4.3) |  |
 501–1000 RMB | 39.4(4.8) |  | 12.5(3.4) |  |
 1001–2500 RMB | 40.3(4.6) |  | 11.3(3.1) |  |
 2501–10000 RMB | 43.2(6.1) |  | 12.2(3.8) |  |
Feel like a local |  |  < 0.001a |  |  < 0.001a |
 Don’t agree | 37.9(5.7) |  | 13.7(4.5) |  |
 Fair | 39.7(5.3) |  | 12.3(3.7) |  |
 Agree | 41.1(6.6) |  | 10.9(2.9) |  |
Local Chinese dialect | Â | 0.010a | Â | 0.073a |
 Can’t understand or speak | 36.9(7.3) |  | 13.7(5.2) |  |
 Can understand but can’t speak | 38.9(5.0) |  | 13.4(4.2) |  |
 Can speak a little | 40.7(5.7) |  | 12.4(3.8) |  |
 Can fluently speak | 39.4(7.0) |  | 12.4(3.3) |  |
Participate in community activities |  |  < 0.001a |  | 0.001a |
 Never | 38.2(5.6) |  | 13.0(4.0) |  |
 Occasionally | 40.1(5.5) |  | 14.0(4.6) |  |
 Sometimes | 40.1(5.6) |  | 12.6(3.4) |  |
 Often | 41.9(6.7) |  | 11.3(2.7) |  |