Table 3 Adjusted longitudinal associations of physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake on life satisfaction

Independent associations

    Physical activity

Low

1

Moderate

1.41(1.12–1.79)*

High

1.74(1.50–2.02)*

    Fruit and vegetable intake

Low

1

Moderate

1.19(0.91–1.55)

High

2.07(1.69–2.53)*

    Combined physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake

Both low

1

Both high

4.69(3.49–6.31)*

Only FV high

2.87(2.14–3.85)*

Only PA high

2.48(1.74–3.52)*

Others

1.87(1.33–2.64)*

Control variables

    Sex

Men

1

1

Women

0.95(0.80–1.13)

0.97(0.82–1.15)

    Age

53–64

1

1

65–74

0.83(0.74–1.08)

0.83(0.71–0.98)*

 ≥ 75

0.89(0.70–0.98)

0.90(0.74–1.09)

    Education

 ≤ 6

1

1

7–12

1.62(1.29–2.44)

1.63(1.34–1.98)*

 ≥ 13

1.77(1.34–1.98)

1.77(1.29–2.44)*

    Marital status

No

1

1

Yes

1.54 (1.32–1.81)*

1.54(1.31–1.80)*

    Smoking

No

1

1

Yes

0.76(0.63–0.92)*

0.76(0.63–0.92)*

    Drinking

No

1

1

Yes

1.15(0.96–1.38)

1.16(0.96–1.39)

    Hypertension

No

1

1

Yes

0.89(0.76–1.03)

0.88(0.76–1.03)

    Diabetes

No

1

1

Yes

0.95(0.78–1.15)

0.95(0.78–1.16)

    Heart disease

No

1

1

Yes

0.88(0.73–1.05)

0.88(0.73–1.05)

    Stroke

No

1

1

Yes

0.49(0.35–0.69)*

0.48(0.34–0.69)*

    Cancer

No

1

1

Yes

0.61(0.39–0.93)*

0.61(0.40–0.94)*

    Tea consumption

 < 3

1

1

 ≥ 3

1.51(1.30–1.77)*

1.52(1.30–1.77)*