Table 2 Overview of the evaluation of processes
Domains | Questions | Data collection | Participants | Time pointsa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Implementation | Recruitment of expanded practice nurses | How is recruitment done? | Documentation of recruitment | – | tp0 |
|  | Who is (not / no longer) participating? | Documentation of recruitment and retention | – | tp0, occasion-related | |
|  | Why do (potential) expanded practice nurses (not / no longer) participate? | Documentation of recruitment and retention | – | tp0, occasion-related | |
| Â | Qualitative interviews on motivation and reasons for (non-)participation | (Potential) expanded practice nurses | Occasion-related | ||
|  | Delivery to expanded practice nurses | What is delivered to the expanded practice nurses? Is it what the researchers intend? | Documentation of contact hours in training, internship, and coaching sessions | – | tp1, ongoing |
|  | Review of training and coaching material and internship report | – | tp1, ongoing | ||
|  | Review of coaching session protocols | – | tp4 | ||
|  | Recruitment of hospital wards | How is recruitment done? | Documentation of recruitment | – | tp0 |
|  | Who is (not / no longer) participating? | Documentation of recruitment and retention | – | tp0, occasion-related | |
|  | Why do wards (not / no longer) participate? | Documentation of recruitment and retention | – | tp0, occasion-related | |
| Â | Qualitative interviews on motivation and reasons for (non-)participation | Ward managers | Occasion-related | ||
|  | Delivery to interprofessional team members on hospital wards | What is delivered to the interprofessional team members? Is it what the researchers intend? | Documentation of participation in the kick-off event | – | tp1 |
|  | Review of the kick-off event and written information material | – | tp1 | ||
|  | Documentation of the expanded practice nurses’ activities in the interprofessional team in a logbook | Expanded practice nurses | Ongoing | ||
|  | Review of coaching session protocols | – | tp4 | ||
|  | Recruitment of people with cognitive impairment and their relatives | How is recruitment done? | Documentation of recruitment | – | Ongoing |
|  | Who is (not / no longer) participating? | Documentation of recruitment and retention | – | Ongoing | |
|  | Why do people with cognitive impairment and their relatives (not / no longer) participate? | Documentation of recruitment and retention | – | Ongoing | |
|  | Delivery to people with cognitive impairment and their relatives | What is delivered to the people with cognitive impairment and their relatives? Who is receiving? Is it what the researchers intend? | Documentation of the expanded practice nurses’ activities with people with cognitive impairment and their relatives in a logbook | Expanded practice nurses | Ongoing |
|  | Review of coaching session protocols | – | tp4 | ||
|  | Qualitative dyad interviews on expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities | People with cognitive impairment and their relatives | tp3 | ||
|  | Focus groups on expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities | Expanded practice nurses, members of the interprofessional team | tp4 | ||
Mechanisms of change | Response of expanded practice nurses | Based on the Kirkpatrick model: | Reflection forms on satisfaction with and perceived usefulness of training, internship, and coaching sessions (1) | Expanded practice nurses | tp1 |
| Â | Â | How do expanded practice nurses react? (1) To what extent is there learning success? (2) To what extent can the learning be transferred to behaviour in everyday care? (3) To what extent are there results? (4) | |||
| Â | Â | Non-moderated, guided focus group on satisfaction with and perceived usefulness of training, internship, and coaching sessions as well as expectations for the intervention period (1, 3) | Expanded practice nurses | tp1 | |
| Â | Â | Questionnaire on self-assessed knowledge (2) | Expanded practice nurses | tp0, tp1 | |
|  |  | Documentation of the expanded practice nurses’ activities in a logbook (3) | Expanded practice nurses | Ongoing | |
|  |  | Review of coaching session protocols (3) | – | tp4 | |
| Â | Â | Qualitative interviews on self-perceived skills and competences in core tasks (3, 4) | Expanded practice nurses | tp4 | |
| Â | Â | Questionnaire on role understanding and collaboration (4) | Expanded practice nurses | tp0, tp1, tp4 | |
| Â | Response of interprofessional team members on hospital wards | How do interprofessional team members react? (1) To what extent do interprofessional team members accept what is delivered? (2) To what extent are there results? (3) | Reflection forms on satisfaction with and perceived usefulness of the kick-off event and written information material (1, 2) | Interprofessional team members | tp1, tp4 |
|  | Questionnaire on acceptability and role understanding of as well as collaboration with expanded practice nurses (1–3) | Interprofessional team members | tp0, tp4 | ||
| Â | Questionnaire on attitudes towards and satisfaction with (person-centred) care for people with cognitive impairment (3) | Interprofessional team members | tp0, tp4 | ||
|  | Response of people with cognitive impairment and their relatives | How do people with cognitive impairment and their relatives react? (1) To what extent do people with cognitive impairment and their relatives accept what is delivered? (2) To what extent are there results? (3) | Qualitative dyad interviews on acceptability and role understanding of expanded practice nurses as well as satisfaction with expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities (1–3) | People with cognitive impairment and their relatives | tp3 |
|  | Focus groups on patients’ acceptability and role understanding of expanded practice nurses as well as satisfaction with expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities (1–3) | Expanded practice nurses, members of the interprofessional team | tp4 | ||
|  | Maintenance | To what extent are the processes maintained over time? | Documentation of contact hours in coaching sessions | – | Ongoing |
|  | Documentation of the expanded practice nurses’ activities in the interprofessional team and with people with cognitive impairment and their relatives in a logbook | Expanded practice nurses | Ongoing | ||
|  | Review of coaching session protocols | – | tp4 | ||
|  | Focus groups on expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities | Expanded practice nurses, members of the interprofessional team | tp4 | ||
|  | What are the reasons for (lack of) maintenance? | Focus groups on staff intention and reasons for (lack of) expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities | Expanded practice nurses, members of the interprofessional team | tp4 | |
|  | Qualitative interviews on organisational intention and reasons for (lack of) expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities | Ward managers | tp4 | ||
|  | Unintended consequences | Do unintended changes occur? What are the reasons for unintended changes? | Focus groups on unintended consequences of training, internship, and coaching sessions, kick-off event and written information material or expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities | Expanded practice nurses, members of the interprofessional team | tp4 |
|  | Qualitative interviews on unintended consequences of training, internship, and coaching sessions, kick-off event and written information material or expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities | Ward managers | tp4 | ||
|  | Qualitative dyad interviews on unintended consequences of expanded practice nurses’ and interprofessional team members’ activities | People with cognitive impairment and their relatives | tp3 | ||
Context | Micro level | What are the characteristics of the expanded practice nurses? | Questionnaire on sociodemographic, personal, and professional characteristics that may influence the intervention | Expanded practice nurses | tp0 |
| Â | What are the characteristics of the interprofessional team members and ward managers? | Questionnaire on sociodemographic, personal, and professional characteristics that may influence the intervention | Members of the interprofessional team, ward managers | tp2 | |
|  | What are the characteristics of the people with cognitive impairment and their relatives? | Patient records | – | tp3 | |
| Â | Qualitative dyad interviews on personal characteristics that may influence the intervention | People with cognitive impairment and their relatives | tp3 | ||
| Â | To what extent do the characteristics act as barriers or facilitators? | Qualitative interviews on perceived barriers and facilitators | Expanded practice nurses, ward managers, nursing development unit | tp4 | |
| Â | Questionnaire on perceived barriers and facilitators | Members of the interprofessional team | tp4 | ||
| Â | Qualitative dyad interviews on perceived barriers and facilitators | People with cognitive impairment and their relatives | tp3 | ||
| Â | Meso level | What are the characteristics of the wards? | Questionnaire on ward characteristics that may influence the intervention | Ward managers | tp4 |
| Â | What are the characteristics of the University Hospital Cologne? | Qualitative interviews on hospital characteristics that may influence the intervention | Nursing management, nursing development unit | tp4 | |
| Â | To what extent do the characteristics act as barriers or facilitators? | Qualitative interviews on perceived barriers and facilitators | Expanded practice nurses, ward managers, nursing management, nursing development unit | tp4 | |
| Â | Questionnaire on perceived barriers and facilitators | Members of the interprofessional team | tp4 | ||
| Â | Macro level | What are the characteristics of the society? | Qualitative interviews on society characteristics that may influence the intervention | Nursing management, nursing development unit | tp4 |
| Â | To what extent do the characteristics act as barriers or facilitators? | Qualitative interviews on perceived barriers and facilitators | Expanded practice nurses, nursing management, nursing development unit | tp4 | |