Table 5 Determinants of DRPs identified using logistic regression

Age (year), Mean(SD)

62.40 ± 17.37

58.36 ± 18.02

1.013 (1.006–1.021)

0.001^*

1.001(0.993–1.010)

0.771

Gender

 Female

265

(63.10)

299

(60.52)

Reference

 Male

155

(36.90)

195

(39.47)

0.897 (0.686–1.173)

0.426

Smoking status

 No

331

(78.81)

403

(81.58)

Reference

 Yes

89

(21.19)

91

(18.42)

1.191

(0.859–1.650)

0.294

Alcohol user

 No

365

(86.90)

438

(88.66)

Reference

 Yes

55

(13.10)

56

(11.34)

1.179

(0.792–1.753)

0.417

Stage of CKD patients

 CKD 1

48

(11.43)

101

(20.45)

Reference

Reference

 CKD 2

32

(7.62)

52

(10.53)

1.295

(0.741–2.264)

0.365

0.977(0.542–1.761)

0.939

 CKD 3

23

(5.48)

33

(6.68)

1.467

(0.778–2.764)

0.236

1.132(0.583–2.198)

0.714

 CKD 4

23

(5.48)

13

(2.63)

3.723

(1.738–7.976)

0.001^*

2.342(1.045–5.253)

0.039^*

 CKD 5

294

(70)

295

(59.72)

2.097

(1.435–3.065)

0.000^*

1.249(0.809–1.927)

0.315

Number of comorbidities, Mean (SD)

3.34 ± 1.45

2.93 ± 1.15

1.272

(1.148–1.410)

0.000^*

1.187(1.059–1.329)

0.003^*

Number of prescribed drugs during hospitalization, Mean(SD)

17.00 ± 9.20

12.86 ± 7.58

1.062

(1.044–1.080)

0.000^*

1.050(1.031–1.069)

0.000^*

Length of hospital stay (day), Mean(SD)

9.56 ± 4.46

8.08 ± 4.51

1.076 (1.044–1.108)

0.000^*

1.035(1.001–1.071)

0.043^*