Table 1 Baseline characteristics by the trajectories of frailty, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms in older adults in China (2011–2018)
All | ||
|---|---|---|
(n = 6,106) | ||
Age (median, IQR) | 66.0 (9.0) | |
Female (%) | 49.7 | |
Human capital | ||
Education (%) | ||
No formal education | 35.2 | |
Less than elementary school | 20.8 | |
Elementary school or higher | 44.0 | |
Work status (%) | ||
Currently working | 49.7 | |
Retired | 47.9 | |
Not employed/Never worked | 2.5 | |
Social capital | ||
Not married a (%) | 19.8 | |
Empty nester (%) | 54.0 | |
No participation in any social activities (%) | 54.8 | |
Financial capital | ||
Childhood family financial situationb (%) | ||
A lot/somewhat better off | 9.0 | |
Same | 50.1 | |
Somewhat/A lot worse off | 40.9 | |
Per capita household consumption at baseline (in Chinese Yuan; %) | ||
Quartile 1 [ 0.0–2638.0) | 25.0 | |
Quartile 2 [2638.0–4458.8) | 25.0 | |
Quartile 3 [4458.8–8149.0) | 25.0 | |
Quartile 4 [8149.0–222,640] | 25.0 | |
Health capital | ||
Childhood healthc (%) | ||
Much/somewhat healthier | 34.6 | |
About average | 52.8 | |
Somewhat less healthy/Much less healthy | 12.6 | |
Self-rated health at baseline (%) | ||
Very good/good | 19.4 | |
Fair | 49.3 | |
Poor/very poor | 31.4 | |
Structural factor | ||
Hukouand residence (%) | ||
Rural hukou, rural residence | 59.2 | |
Rural hukou, urban residence | 17.5 | |
Urban hukou, rural residence | 2.9 | |
Urban hukou, urban residence | 20.4 | |