Table 3 Characteristic of participants; subgroup-analysis of older old adults (age ≥ 75 years) N = 585

n (%)

147 (38)

240 (62)

121 (61)

77 (39)

Age (Years)

78.1 ± 2.6

78.9 ± 3.1

< 0.001

78.4 ± 3.0

79.9 ± 3.9

0.003

ASM/height² (kg/m²)

6.2 ± 0.4

5.1 ± 0.4

< 0.001

7.5 ± 0.4

6.2 ± 0.6

< 0.001

HGS (kg)

19.4 ± 3.4

17.0 ± 3.4

< 0.001

28.6 ± 5.1

24.3 ± 4.7

< 0.001

Gait speed (m/s)

1.3 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.3

0.696

1.4 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.3

0.022

Weight (kg)

60.8 ± 7.0

49.8 ± 6.1

< 0.001

68.2 ± 6.7

56.9 ± 8.1

< 0.001

Height (m)

152.9 ± 5.1

150.8 ± 4.8

< 0.001

165.8 ± 5.4

161.8 ± 4.6

< 0.001

Waist (cm)

87.1 ± 9.2

79.1 ± 8.3

< 0.001

90.4 ± 7.6

84.3 ± 8.6

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

26.0 ± 3.2

21.9 ± 2.7

< 0.001

24.8 ± 2.3

21.7 ± 2.6

< 0.001

Midarm circumference (cm)

27.9 ± 2.9

24.7 ± 3.0

< 0.001

27.4 ± 2.4

24.7 ± 2.6

< 0.001

Calf circumference (cm)

35.3 ± 2.7

0.1 31.9 ± 2.7

< 0.001

36.2 ± 2.1

32.4 ± 2.1

< 0.001