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Table 4 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants according to dementia subtype

From: Dementia subtypes, cognitive decline and survival among older adults attending a memory clinic in Cape Town, South Africa: a retrospective study

Characteristics

All (n = 165)

AD (n = 117)

VND (n = 24)

DLB or PDD (n = 11)

FTD (n = 3)

Mixed (n = 4)

F-test

p-value

Age at Diagnosis (years)

 Mean (SD)

72.4 (7.0)

73.6 (7.2)

68.5 (5.5)

73.1 (5.7)

69 (7.2)

66.3 (5.1)

3.88

0.005

cAge at onset (years)

(n = 164)

(n = 116)

      

Mean (SD)

69.7 (7.1)

70.74 (7.2)

66.4 (5.4)

70.9 (6.2)

64 (8.7)

64.5 (4.8)

3.17

0.016

cTime since symptom onset and diagnosis (months)

(n = 164)

(n = 116)

      

 Mean (SD)

30.6 (23.1)

32.3 (22.4)

22.9 (27.4)

26.2 (16.8)

60 (24)

19.5 (13.3)

2.43

0.05

Mean Follow-up time: Years (SD)

7.2 (3.3)

7.8 (3.4)

5.8 (2.6)

4.96 (2.5)

7.7 (1.9)

6.3 (4.4)

15.39b

0.004

Gender: n (%)

        

 Male

64 (38.8)

34 (29.1)

19 (79.2)

6 (54.6)

2 (66.7)

1 (25.0)

23.55a

p < 0.001

 Female

101 (61.2)

83 (70.9)

5 (20.8)

5 (45.5)

1 (33.3)

3 (75.0)

0.39a

p < 0.001

Marital Status: n (%)

 Married

91 (55.2)

59 (50.4)

18 (75.0)

2 (100.0)

2 (66.7)

3 (75.0)

18.45a

0.103

 Divorced

20 (12.1)

12 (10.3)

4 (16.7)

0

1 (33.3)

1 (25.0)

0.20a

0.051

 Single

7 (4.2)

5 (4.3)

0

0

0

0

  

 Widowed

47 (28.5)

41 (35.0)

2 (8.3)

0

0

0

  

Years of Education: n (%)

 0 to 7

39 (23.8)

33 (28.5)

3 (12.5)

1 (9.1)

1 (33.3)

1 (25.0)

14.24a

0.076

 8 to 12

105 (64.0)

69 (59.5)

18 (75.0)

9 (81.8)

0

3 (75.0)

0.21a

0.108

  > 12

20 (12.2)

14 (12.1)

3 (12.5)

1 (9.1)

2 (66.7)

0

  

Baseline MMSE

 Median (IQR)

21 (5)

21 (5)

23 (8)

23 (11)

19 (23)

19.5 (10.5)

3.74b

0.442

Charlson's Weighted Comorbidity score

 1 to 2

66 (40.0)

49 (41.9)

7 (29.2)

4 (36.4)

1 (33.3)

1 (25.0)

12.33a

0.137

 3 to 4

55 (33.3)

43 (37.5)

5 (20.8)

3 (27.3)

1 (33.3)

3 (75.0)

0.20a

0.121

  ≥ 5

44 (26.7)

25 (21.4)

12 (50.0)

4 (36.4)

1 (33.3)

0

  

MAP

(n = 93)

(n = 66)

(n = 15)

(n = 6)

(n = 1)

(n = 2)

  

 Median (IQR)

101.7 (16.7)

100 (16.7)

104.7 (15)

107.5 (17.3)

 

116 (21.3)

2.28b

0.684

Vitamin B12 (pmol/L)

(n = 138)

(n = 104)

(n = 20)

(n = 7)

(n = 3)

(n = 4)

  

 Median (IQR)

293 (174)

295.5 (179)

309.5 (226)

252 (67)

309 (141)

211.5 (248.5)

0.89b

0.927

TSH mlU/L

(n = 150)

(n = 107)

(n = 21)

(n = 10)

(n = 3)

(n = 4)

  

 Median (IQR)

1.52 (1.4)

1.44 (1.4)

1.9 (1.9)

1.1 (0.8)

1.5 (0.9)

1.6 (0.8)

4.98b

0.29

  1. achi-square value for the chi-square test of independence to compare two categorical variables
  2. bKruskal-Wallis tests: non-normally distributed data
  3. cMissing data for duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis in a participant with AD
  4. Abbreviations: n number, SD Standard Deviation, IQR Inter Quartile Range, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, MAP Mean Arterial Pressure, TSH Thyroid Stimulating Hormone – Normal range = 0.38 to 5.33 mIU/L; Vitamin B12 – Normal range = 145 to 569 pmol/L; AD, Major Neurocognitive Disorder due to Alzheimer’s disease; VND Major Vascular Neurocognitive Disorder, DLB Dementia with Lewy bodies, PDD Parkinson’s disease dementia, FTD Fronto-temporal dementia
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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