Table 2 Baseline characteristics of recruited patients

Age (mean (SD))

77.05 (7.53)

76.54 (7.50)

78.63 (7.46)

0.027

Age 65–74 years (%)

129 (37.7)

104 (40.3)

25 (29.8)

0.109

Age 75–84 years (%)

147 (43.0)

112 (43.4)

35 (41.7)

0.878

Age ≥ 85 years (%)

59 (17.3)

35 (13.6)

24 (28.6)

0.003

Height (mean (SD))

162.85 (8.65)

163.03 (8.60)

162.31 (8.84)

0.51

Weight (mean (SD))

63.59 (12.20)

63.97 (11.99)

62.40 (12.84)

0.307

Chronic respiratory disease (%)

33 (9.6)

23 (8.9)

10 (11.9)

0.553

CAD (%)

96 (28.1)

63 (24.4)

33 (39.3)

0.013

Positive exercise test (%)

12 (3.5)

7 (2.7)

5 (6.0)

0.289

Ischemic chest pain (%)

16 (4.7)

3 (1.2)

13 (15.5)

 < 0.001

CHF (%)

19 (5.6)

4 (1.6)

15 (17.9)

 < 0.001

Symptoms of decompensated HF (%)

15 (4.4)

2 (0.8)

13 (15.5)

 < 0.001

Arrhythmia (%)

48 (14.0)

26 (10.1)

22 (26.2)

 < 0.001

AF (%)

43 (12.6)

22 (8.5)

21 (25.0)

 < 0.001

Nitrate therapy (%)

33 (9.6)

17 (6.6)

16 (19.0)

0.002

VHD (%)

25 (7.3)

8 (3.1)

17 (20.2)

 < 0.001

Cr > 2.0 mg/dL (mean (SD))

0.04 (0.20)

0.02 (0.15)

0.10 (0.30)

0.004

Blood transfusion (%)

166 (48.5)

115 (44.6)

51 (60.7)

0.014

The amount of transfused blood (mean (SD)

673.13 (1650.54)

428.52 (650.81)

1424.40 (3020.58)

 < 0.001

High-risk type of surgery (mean (SD))

0.37 (0.48)

0.34 (0.47)

0.45 (0.50)

0.067

Intraperitoneal surgery (%)

95 (27.8)

66 (25.6)

29 (34.5)

0.147

General anesthesia (%)

193 (56.4)

138 (53.5)

55 (65.5)

0.072

NNIS class

 0 (%)

115 (33.6)

92 (35.7)

23 (27.4)

0.207

 1 (%)

151 (44.2)

108 (41.9)

43 (51.2)

0.171

 2 (%)

21 (6.1)

10 (3.9)

11 (13.1)

0.005

 3 (%)

4 (1.2)

2 (0.8)

2 (2.4)

0.545

Preoperative heart rate (mean (SD))

72.45 (47.88)

69.08 (13.92)

82.79 (93.14)

0.022

Postoperative systolic blood pressure (mean (SD))

138.89 (22.38)

141.15 (21.72)

131.98 (23.07)

0.001

Postoperative heart rate (mean (SD))

79.05 (16.05)

77.69 (13.10)

83.21 (22.43)

0.006

Intraoperative minimum systolic blood pressure (mean (SD))

112.04 (21.28)

113.45 (20.59)

107.70 (22.85)

0.031

Intraoperative minimum diastolic pressure (mean (SD))

54.25 (12.78)

55.22 (11.91)

51.25 (14.82)

0.013

Minimum mean arterial pressure (mean (SD))

73.10 (14.41)

74.25 (13.85)

69.58 (15.58)

0.01

Intraoperative maximum heart rate (mean (SD))

84.60 (18.97)

82.44 (17.01)

91.23 (22.89)

 < 0.001

Sinus rhythm (%)

312 (91.2)

241 (93.4)

71 (84.5)

0.023

ECG with Q waves (%)

43 (12.6)

31 (12.0)

12 (14.3)

0.722

Myocardial ischemia changes in ECG (%)

87 (25.4)

58 (22.5)

29 (34.5)

0.04

L (mean (SD))

1.43 (0.68)

1.48 (0.70)

1.30 (0.61)

0.046

ALT (mean (SD))

26.65 (42.76)

23.23 (30.70)

37.17 (66.66)

0.009

ApoA-I (mean (SD))

274.33 (269.20)

258.55 (260.51)

322.81 (290.57)

0.057

Left atrium diameter (mean (SD))

35.54 (5.17)

35.05 (4.90)

37.05 (5.67)

0.002

Left ventricle transverse diameter (mean (SD))

35.65 (5.74)

35.05 (5.24)

37.48 (6.79)

0.001

Left ventricular dilatation (mean (SD)

0.12 (0.33)

0.11 (0.31)

0.17 (0.37)

0.159

LVEF (mean (SD))

66.94 (7.05)

67.82 (5.86)

64.25 (9.40)

 < 0.001

Left ventricle long diameter (mean (SD))

51.18 (7.41)

50.33 (6.73)

53.80 (8.75)

 < 0.001

LVDd (mean (SD))

46.82 (4.49)

46.64 (3.94)

47.39 (5.85)

0.18

Posterior wall thickness of left ventric (mean (SD))

9.79 (1.15)

9.78 (1.14)

9.81 (1.16)

0.793

IVST (mean (SD))

10.37 (1.70)

10.27 (1.19)

10.68 (2.71)

0.053

LVM I (mean (SD)

105.70 (31.05)

103.53 (27.29)

112.34 (39.95)

0.024

Left ventricular mass (LVM) (mean (SD)

168.21 (43.65)

165.41 (37.56)

176.82 (57.96)

0.037

MACCE

0

84 (100%)

 < 0.001

AMI

0

16 (19.05%)

HF

0

48 (57.14%)

Stroke

0

12 (14.29%)

Death

0

20 (23.81%)