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Table 4 Number of complications according to Dindo et al. in the different treatment groups

From: Odontoid fracture in geriatric patients — analysis of complications and outcome following conservative treatment vs. ventral and dorsal surgery

Grade

Complication

Conservative Treatment

Ventral Surgery

Dorsal Surgery

I

delirium (transient confusion)

3

1

3

screw loosening

0

2

0

fracture displacement

2

4

0

II

coprostasis

0

0

1

hyper-/hypocalcemia

1

0

1

hypertensive dysfunction

1

0

0

pneumonia

0

3

1

urinary tract infection

0

0

2

anemia

0

1

0

III

wound infection

0

0

2

gastrointestinal bleeding

0

1

0

IV

brain hemorrhage

septic shock

1

0

0

1

1

1

V

death in the course of treatment

0

0

0