Table 3 Profiles of QoL in demographic and psychosocial characteristics among older adults(n = 354)
Variables | Class1 n (%) 64(18.1) | Class2 n (%) 163(46.0) | Class3 n (%) 127 (35.9) | χ2/F | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age(years) M(SD) | 87.5(5.5) | 86.0(6.5) | 85.4(6.5) | 2.282 | 0.104 | |
Gender | Female Male | 55(85.9) 9(14.1) | 114(69.9) 49(30.1) | 95(74.8) 32(25.2) | 6.209 | 0.045 |
Marital status | Married Single/divorced/ widowed | 16(25.0) 48(75.0) | 64(39.3) 99(60.7) | 38(29.9) 89(70.1) | 5.292 | 0.073 |
Education | Elementary school and under | 37(57.8) | 84(51.5) | 51(40.2) | 13.918 | 0.031 |
Middle school | 18(13.7) | 31(19.0) | 27(21.3) | |||
High school | 6(9.4) | 29(17.8) | 32(25.2) | |||
College and above | 3(4.7) | 19(18.0) | 17(13.4) | |||
Pension (RMB) | ≤ 5000 | 49(76.6) | 101(62.0) | 67(52.8) | 12.243 | 0.016 |
5001–9000 | 13(20.3) | 47(28.8) | 41(36.2) | |||
> 9000 | 2(3.1) | 15(9.2) | 19(15.0) | |||
Number of children | ≤ 2 | 35(54.7) | 66(40.5) | 67(52.8) | 5.944 | 0.051 |
3 and above | 29(45.3) | 97(59.5) | 60(47.2) | |||
Has child visits per week | No | 18(28.1) | 36(22.1) | 20(15.7) | 4.198 | 0.123 |
Yes | 46(71.9) | 127(77.9) | 107(84.3) | |||
Smoking | No | 64(100.0) | 158(96.9) | 121(95.3) | 3.156 | 0.206 |
Yes | 0(0.0) | 5(3.1) | 6(4.7) | |||
Drinking | No | 63(98.4) | 162(99.4) | 121(95.3) | 5.633 | 0.060 |
Yes | 1(1.6) | 1(3.7) | 6(4.7) | |||
Activity frequency | < 7 times/week | 41(64.1) | 42(25.8) | 7(5.5) | 76.963 | < 0.001 |
≥ 7 times/week | 23(35.9) | 121(74.2) | 120(94.5) | |||
Duration | < 1 hour/session | 42(65.6) | 49(30.1) | 16(12.6) | 56.740 | < 0.001 |
≥ 1 hour/session | 22(3.4) | 114(69.9) | 117(87.4) | |||
Number of chronic diseases | ≤ 2 | 44(68.8) | 126 (77.3) | 107(84.3) | 6.168 | 0.046 |
3 and above | 20(31.3) | 37(22.7) | 20(15.7) | |||
Polypharmacy | No | 30(46.9) | 83(50.9) | 71(55.9) | 1.526 | 0.466 |
Yes | 34(53.1) | 80(49.1) | 56(44.1) | |||
Hospitalizations in the past year | No | 52(81.3) | 127(77.9) | 103(81.8) | 56.740 | 0.752 |
Yes | 12(18.8) | 36(22.1) | 24(18.9) | |||
Mean (SD) | ||||||
Optimism | 14.2(3.6) | 17.5(2.5) | 18.8(2.7) | 57.701 | < 0.001 | |
Gratitude | 19.7(6.8) | 24.5(6.7) | 28.1(6.2) | 35.501 | < 0.001 | |
Social support | 48.6(8.5) | 55.1(8.1) | 61.0(8.8) | 47.525 | < 0.001 |