Is the association between blood pressure and cognition in the oldest-old modified by physical, vascular or brain pathology markers? The EMIF-AD 90 + Study

Table 2 Characteristics of the total study sample

	Total
	N
Age, y	122	92.4 (2.8)
Sex, female^a	122	70 (57.4)
Education, y^b	122	10.0 (9.0–13.0)
MMSE, points	122	27.0 (3.1)
CERAD immediate recall, words	114	15.6 (4.8)
Cognitively impaired^a,c	122	38 (31.1)
Hypertension^a,d	122	84 (68.9)
Diabetes Mellitus^a,d	122	8 (6.6)
Dyslipidemia^a,d	121	38 (31.4)
Systolic BP, mmHg	109	151.9 (24.3)
Diastolic BP, mmHg	109	78.0 (11.8)
Waist circumference, cm	116	100.1 (11.2)
Muscle mass index, kg/m²	95	9.1 (1.0)
Gait speed, m/sec	102	0.8 (0.2)
Handgrip strength females, kg	66	11.5 (4.6)
Handgrip strength males, kg	50	21.3 (7.0)
Cardiac disease^a,e	121	42 (34.7)
IMT, mm	99	0.7 (0.1)
Distensibility coefficient, 10–3/kPa^b,f	82	10.7 (3.3–20.3)
WMH volume, % ICV^b,f	90	1.3 (0.6–2.2)
Global cortical thickness, mm	87	2.2 (0.1)

Values are presented as mean (SD), unless stated otherwise. BP: blood pressure; CERAD: Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease; ICV intracranial volume, IMT intima media thickness, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination; N: sample size per variable in the total study sample; WMH: white matter hyperintensity; y: years. ^aPresented as number (%); ^bPresented as median (IQR); ^cClinical diagnosis of amnestic mild cognitive impairment or probable/possible Alzheimer’s disease; ^dBased on medical history and/or medication use; ^ePositive medical history of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, a percutaneous coronary intervention or heart failure, ^fThese values are log transformed in the analyses

ISSN: 1471-2318