Table 1 Instruments in the study

Objective

Evaluation of palliative needs

Palliative needs and prognosis evaluation

Prognosis evaluation

Prognosis evaluation

Group of patients

All

All

All

All

Setting

Primary Care, Nursing Home, Hospital Settings

Primary Care, Nursing Home, Hospital Settings

Primary Care, Nursing Home, Hospital Settings

Primary Care, Nursing Home, Hospital Settings

Surprise Question included

Yes

Yes

No

No

Indicators

Palliative needs identified

Yes (Patient, relatives, professional)

Yes (Patient, relatives, professional)

No

No

Functional decline

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Nutritional decline

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Cognitive impairment

Yes

No

No

Yes

Severe dependency

Yes (Barthel/Karnofsky)

No

Yes (PPS)

Yes (Barthel)

Geriatric symptoms

Yes (All)

No

Yes (Delirium)

Yes (Delirium)

Other symptoms

Yes (Checklist ESAS)

No

Yes (Edemas, dyspnea)

No

Psychosocial problems

Yes (Emotional discomfort, social vulnerability)

No

No

Yes (Caregiver)

Multimorbidity

Yes

Yes

No

No

Use of resources

Yes

Yes (Hospital stays, treatment)

No

Yes (Hospitalization during previous year)

Severity indicators by disease

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Other

Age and analytical parameters (Hemoglobin)

Results/Interpretations

Palliative needs

Yes

Yes

No

No

Prognosis

No

•Stage I: median survival of 38 months

•Stage II: median survival of 17.2 months

•Stage III: median survival of 3.6 months.

% of deaths in patients by score:

• 0–2 points: 40% deaths

• 2–4: 42% deaths

• 4–6: 47% deaths

• 6-9.5: 53% deaths

• 9.5: 68%: deaths

Risk of dying in 12 months:

• 0–2 points (16% probability)

• 3–7 points (22% probability)

• > 7 points (34% probability)

Prognosis time period

38 months post-enrolment

180 days

1–4 years