Table 1 Demographic characteristics of institutional residents
Covariates | Â | Pain | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All (N = 5746) | No (N = 3428) | Yes (N = 2318) | |||
Age (y), mean ± SD | 77.1 ± 13.4 | 77.3 ± 13.2 | 76.6 ± 13.8 | .15 | |
Age, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | .17 | |
  ≤ 65 years |  | 611 (17.8) | 446 (19.2) |  | |
  > 65 years |  | 2817 (82.2) | 1872 (80.8) |  | |
Age, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | .52 | |
  ≤ 75 years |  | 1252 (36.5) | 866 (37.4) |  | |
  > 75 years |  | 2176 (63.5) | 1452 (62.6) |  | |
Gender, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | .35 | |
 Male |  | 1705 (49.7) | 1124 (48.5) |  | |
 Female |  | 1723 (50.3) | 1194 (51.5) |  | |
Education level, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | .18 | |
 Illiteracy |  | 1286 (38.7) | 828 (36.6) |  | |
 Literacy with education ≤ 6 years |  | 1146 (34.5) | 830 (36.7) |  | |
 Literacy with education > 6 years |  | 890 (26.8) | 606 (26.8) |  | |
MMSE scores, mean ± SD | 17.0 ± 6.66 (n = 2058) | 16.9 ± 6.69 (n = 1075) | 17.1 ± 6.63 (n = 983) | .37 | |