Table 1 Primary characteristics of the study participants, Mean ± SD or n (%)
Variable | Overall (n = 1,251) | Social Frailty | P-value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nonfrail (n = 545) | Prefrail (n = 434) | Frail (n = 272) | |||
Gender, n (%) | 0.816 | ||||
Female | 971 (100) | 421 (43.4) | 335 (34.5) | 215 (22.1) | |
Male | 280 (100) | 124 (44.3) | 99 (35.4) | 57 (20.4) | |
Age, Mean ± SD (years) | 76.5 ± 6.9 | 75.5 ± 6.8 | 76.4 ± 6.8 | 78.9 ± 6.5 | < 0.001 |
Marital Status, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
Married | 616 (100) | 314 (51) | 204 (33.1) | 98 (15.9) | |
Others | 635 (100) | 231 (36.4) | 230 (36.2) | 174 (27.4) | |
Education level, n (%) | 0.010 | ||||
Non-educated | 543 (100) | 222 (40.9) | 178 (32.8) | 143 (26.3) | |
Primary School | 497 (100) | 221 (44.5) | 181 (36.4) | 95 (19.1) | |
Junior High School | 95 (100) | 45 (47.4) | 37 (38.9) | 13 (13.7) | |
Senior/vocational High School | 78 (100) | 34 (43.6) | 25 (32.1) | 19 (24.4) | |
College and above | 38 (100) | 23 (60.5) | 13 (34.2) | 2 (5.3) | |
Physical Frailty, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
Nonfrail | 464 (100) | 254 (54.7) | 152 (32.8) | 58 (12.5) | |
Prefrail | 698 (100) | 274 (39.3) | 251 (36) | 173 (24.8) | |
Frail | 89 (100) | 17 (19.1) | 31 (34.8) | 41 (46.1) | |
Living Situation, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
Living with others | 1,050 (100) | 545 (51.9) | 337 (32.1) | 168 (16) | |
Living alone | 201 (100) | 0 (0) | 97 (48.3) | 104 (51.7) | |
Disability, n (%) | 0.662 | ||||
No | 1,165 (100) | 510 (43.8) | 405 (34.8) | 250 (21.5) | |
Yes | 86 (100) | 35 (40.7) | 29 (33.7) | 22 (25.6) | |
Morbidity, n (%) | 0.056 | ||||
No | 253 (100) | 127 (50.2) | 76 (30) | 50 (19.8) | |
Yes | 998 (100) | 418 (41.9) | 358 (35.9) | 222 (22.2) | |
Fall History during the Last Year, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||||
No | 988 (100) | 451 (45.6) | 345 (34.9) | 192 (19.4) | |
Yes | 263 (100) | 94 (35.7) | 89 (33.8) | 80 (30.4) | |