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Table 3 Association between baseline characteristics and having a medication review in 2019, Cox regression

From: Frequency and impact of medication reviews for people aged 65 years or above in UK primary care: an observational study using electronic health records

 

Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals), p-value

 

Unadjusted

Age-sex adjusted

Fully adjusteda

Age group, years (vs 65-74)

 75-84

1.13 (1.11, 1.15), p<0.001

1.13 (1.11, 1.15), p<0.001

1.03 (1.02, 1.05), p<0.001

 85-94

1.22 (1.19, 1.26), p<0.001

1.22 (1.19, 1.26), p<0.001

1.04 (1.01, 1.06), p=0.006

 95+

1.26 (1.20, 1.32), p<0.001

1.26 (1.20, 1.33), p<0.001

1.02 (0.97, 1.07), p=0.516

 Female vs male

1.01 (0.99, 1.02), p=0.315

0.99 (0.98, 1.01), p=0.304

1.00 (0.99, 1.01), p=0.781

Townsend quintile (vs 1 – least deprived)

 Quintile 2

0.99 (0.81, 1.21), p=0.935

0.99 (0.81, 1.22), p=0.938

0.94 (0.80, 1.11), p=0.477

 Quintile 3

1.03 (0.85, 1.25), p=0.756

1.03 (0.85, 1.25), p=0.754

0.97 (0.84, 1.12), p=0.678

 Quintile 4

1.02 (0.82, 1.26), p=0.891

1.02 (0.82, 1.26), p=0.870

0.96 (0.81, 1.13), p=0.594

 Quintile 5 - most deprived

1.04 (0.84, 1.30), p=0.700

1.05 (0.84, 1.30), p=0.669

0.98 (0.82, 1.15), p=0.776

Practice region (vs Scotland)

 Wales

1.01 (0.87, 1.17), p=0.904

1.01 (0.87, 1.17), p=0.942

0.99 (0.87, 1.13), p=0.913

 Northern Ireland

0.82 (0.64, 1.06), p=0.131

0.82 (0.64, 1.06), p=0.128

0.81 (0.65, 1.01), p=0.064

 London

0.54 (0.39, 0.74), p<0.001

0.53 (0.38, 0.74), p<0.001

0.62 (0.47, 0.81), p=0.001

 Rest of England

0.72 (0.58, 0.88), p=0.001

0.71 (0.58, 0.87), p=0.001

0.77 (0.65, 0.91), p=0.003

Number of ongoing prescriptions at baseline

(vs 1)

 2-4

1.45 (1.42, 1.49), p<0.001

1.44 (1.41, 1.48), p<0.001

1.27 (1.24, 1.30), p<0.001

 5-9

1.88 (1.81, 1.95), p<0.001

1.84 (1.77, 1.92), p<0.001

1.41 (1.37, 1.46), p<0.001

 10-14

2.25 (2.14, 2.37), p<0.001

2.20 (2.09, 2.32), p<0.001

1.48 (1.43, 1.55), p<0.001

 15-19

2.51 (2.35, 2.67), p<0.001

2.46 (2.31, 2.63), p<0.001

1.51 (1.44, 1.59), p<0.001

 20+

2.83 (2.56, 3.13), p<0.001

2.81 (2.54, 3.11), p<0.001

1.64 (1.49, 1.80), p<0.001

 Medication review in previous year

2.05 (1.89, 2.21), p<0.001

2.03 (1.88, 2.20), p<0.001

1.83 (1.69, 1.98), p<0.001

 Living in a care home

1.98 (1.83, 2.15), p<0.001

1.87 (1.73, 2.03), p<0.001

1.51 (1.40, 1.62), p<0.001

  1. aAdjusted for variables shown plus baseline diagnoses and clinical indicators, and medicines prescribed in 6 months prior to baseline (see Additional File 2 Table S2.2 for the complete list)