Table 2 Medication subclasses commonly prescribed and potentially associated with FRIs in older adults

Cardiovascular

ACE inhibitors

C09A-C09B, C10BX13, C10BX04, C10BX06, C10BX07, C10BX11, C10BX12, C10BX14

[11, 12, 15, 29, 35, 43]

Angiotensin II antagonists

C09C-C09D, C10BX10

[12, 15, 29, 35, 43]

Beta-blocking agents

C07, C09BX02

[11, 12, 15, 29, 35, 43]

Calcium channel blockers

C08, C07FB, C09BB, C09DB, C09BX01, C09BX3, C09DX01, C09DX03, C10BX03, C10BX07, C10BX09, C10BX11, C10BX14

[12, 15, 35, 43]

Cardiac glycosides

C01A

[11, 29, 44]

Vasodilators

C02D, C04, C07E

[11, 12]

Diuretics

C03, C07B- C07D, C08G, C09BA, C09DA, C09BX01, C09BX03, C09DX01, C09DX03, C10BX13

[11, 12, 15, 17, 29, 35, 45]

Antithrombotic agents

B01, C07FX02-C07FX04, C10BX01, C10BX02, C10BX04- C10BX06, C10BX08, C10BX12

[14, 46]

Lipid-modifying agents

C10, A10BH51

[12, 44, 46]

Nervous system

Antipsychotics

N05A

[10, 11, 13, 17, 45, 47]

Antidepressants

N06A

[10, 11, 13, 17, 47]

Anxiolytics

N05B

[13, 45, 47]

Hypnotics and sedatives

N05C

[13, 17, 44, 45, 47]

Analgesics, opioids

N02A

[10, 11, 14, 17]

Analgesics, non-opioid

N02B, N02AJ01, N02AJ02, N02AJ03, N02AJ06, N02AJ07, N02AJ09, N02AJ13, N02AJ15, N02AJ17, N02AJ18

[14]

Antiepileptics

N03

[10, 11, 14, 48]

Anti-Parkinson agents

N04

[11, 14, 45]

Anti-dementia agents

N06D

[11, 14, 47]

Others

Urological agents

G04B

[11, 39]

Benign prostatic hypertrophy agents

G04C

[11, 44]

Antispasmodics

A03A-A03E, A02AG, N02AG, A06AB3

[39]

Laxatives

A06A

[11, 14]

Antacids

A02A

[44, 45]

H2-receptor antagonists

A02BA

[44,45,46]

Proton pump inhibitors

A02BC-A02BD, M01AE52

[11, 44, 46, 49]

Antidiabetic agents

A10

[11, 14, 44, 45]

NSAIDs

M01A, N02AJ08, N02AJ14, N02AJ19

[11, 14, 17, 44]

Muscle relaxants

M03B

[39, 44, 50]

Corticosteroids (systemic)

H02A

[11, 51]

Asthma & COPD agents

R03

[40]

Cough and cold preparations

R05

[52]

Antihistamines (systemic)

R06

[11, 44, 45]