Table 6 Characteristics comparison across males judged frail by either method only or by both^a

Age (years), mean (std)

74.7 (6.5)

77.6 (6.5)

77.0 (6.7)

0.009

Education (years), mean (std)

12.0 (5.1)

12.9 (5.0)

12.3 (5.2)

0.524

MMSE, mean (std)

86.2 (7.3)

85.5 (9.6)

83.7 (11.9)

0.262

# of disease*, mean (std)

2.2 (1.5)

1.9 (1.4)

2.4 (1.7)

0.156

Body Mass Index, mean (std)

26.3 (4.1)

26.0 (3.9)

26.3 (4.5)

0.849

Race(black), n (%)

16 (19.5)

25 (25.5)

16 (19.1)

0.492

Marriage, n (%)

0.480

 Married

64 (78.1)

74 (75.5)

56 (66.7)

 Widowed

13 (15.9)

15 (15.3)

19 (22.6)

 Separated/divorced/never married

5 (6.1)

9 (9.2)

9 (10.7)

# of depressive symptoms, mean (std)

7.3 (5.3)

6.4 (4.5)

9.0 (6.1)

0.004

Income

0.740

  < $16,000

39 (50.6)

44 (47.3)

35 (43.8)

 $16,000–35,000

26 (33.8)

29 (31.2)

31 (38.7)

  > $35,000

12 (15.6)

20 (21.5)

14 (17.5)

Health status, n (%)

 < 0.001

 excellent

2 (2.5)

3 (3.1)

0 (0)

 very good

4 (5.0)

11 (11.2)

9 (10.7)

 good

28 (35.0)

46 (46.9)

21 (25.0)

 fair

26 (32.5)

36 (36.7)

29 (34.5)

 poor

20 (25.0)

2 (2.0)

25 (29.8)

Cancer, n (%)

15 (18.3)

17 (17.4)

10 (12.1)

0.471

Congestive heart failure, n (%)

14 (17.1)

8 (8.2)

18 (21.4)

0.038

Myocardial infarction, n (%)

17 (20.7)

16 (16.3)

21 (25.0)

0.351

Coronary heart disease, n (%)

27 (32.9)

25 (25.5)

34 (40.5)

0.099

Rheumatoid arthritis, n (%)

56 (68.3)

54 (55.7)

58 (70.7)

0.086

Diabetics, n (%)

29 (35.4)

48 (49.5)

31 (38.3)

0.120

Angina, n (%)

22 (26.8)

21 (21.4)

29 (34.5)

0.141