Combined exercise and nutrition intervention for older women with spinal sarcopenia: an open-label single-arm trial

Table 1 Changes of Back extensor isokinetic strength and Back performance scale sum score

	Baseline	12 weeks	24 weeks	P-value*
ASM/Ht² (kg/m²)	5.97 ± 0.52	5.97 ± 0.44	6.13 ± 0.60	0.107
Handgrip strength (kg)	22.10 ± 3.42	22.42 ± 2.94	21.95 ± 3.57	0.334
Gait speed (m/sec)	1.253 ± 0.130	1.249 ± 0.126	1.271 ± 0.153	0.303
Short Physical Performance Battery	*11.46 ± 0.86*	*11.77 ± 0.53*	*11.82 ± 0.40‡*	*0.042*
Lumbar extensor muscle mass (g)	606.14 ± 137.17	625.05 ± 134.16	644.18 ± 139.29	0.095
Lumbar extensor muscle volume (cm³)	449.12 ± 64.50	446.52 ± 64.19		0.137**
Lumbar extensor muscle signal intensity	287.80 ± 64.42	279.13 ± 78.84		0.363**
Back extensor strength (isokinetic) (º/sec)	107.20 ± 30.66	109.34 ± 30.88	111.24 ± 32.8	0.719
Back performance scale	*2.68 ± 1.81*	*1.95 ± 1.21†*	*2.09 ± 1.34‡*	*0.034*

ISSN: 1471-2318