Determining factors that maintain physical function or increase frailty using the Kihon checklist among community-dwelling older adults: a six-year longitudinal study in Agano, Japan

Table 3 The results of logistic regression

	Factor	Answer	Odds ratio	95% confidential interval	p-value
Maintain robustness	Q8. Do you normally walk continuously for 15 min?	Yes	5.096	1.255–20.687	0.023
Maintain robustness	Q12. BMI is less than 18.5	No	4.185	1.481–11.824	0.007
Transition robustness to prefrail	Q9. Have you experienced a fall in the past year?	Yes	4.149	1.140-15.152	0.031
Transition robustness to prefrail	Q16. Do you go out at least once a week?	No	3.551	1.241–9.324	0.005
Transition robustness to frail	Q5. Do you turn to your family or friends for advice?	No	5.049	1.250-19.227	0.010
	Q9. Have you experienced a fall in the past year?	Yes	2.852	1.054–7.715	0.039
	Q24. In the last two weeks have you felt helpless?	No	4.119	1.121–14.551	0.017
Transition prefrailty to frailty	Q12. BMI is less than 18.5	Yes	1.240	1.012–1.520	0.038
Improve frail to robustness or prefrail	Q16. Do you go out at least once a week?	Yes	4.902	1.214–18.823	0.037

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