Table 1 Characteristics of study participants according to presence or absence of dementia

Dementia status (%)

D + (42.9)

D- (57.1)

Total

p

D + (39.7)

D- (60.3)

Total

p

D + (40.0)

D- (60.0)

Total

p

Gender^a, n (%)

 Males

66 (17.6)

104 (20.8)

170 (19.5)

0.231

81 (16.1)

156 (20.5)

237 (18.8)

0.052

184 (24.8)

304 (27.3)

488 (26.3)

0.222

 Females

309 (82.4)

395 (79.2)

704 (80.5)

421 (83.9)

605 (79.5)

1026 (81.2)

559 (75.2)

809 (72.7)

1368 (73.7)

 Age, mean ± SD^b

92.54 ± 2.6

92.18 ± 2.5

92.34 ± 2.5

0.042

92.86 ± 2.8

92.41 ± 2.6

92.58 ± 2.7

0.003

92.82 ± 2.7

92.56 ± 2.7

92.65 ± 2.7

0.041

Occupational class^a, n (%)

 Non-manual

94 (25.1)

155 (31.1)

249 (28.5)

0.001

184 (36.7)

336 (44.2)

520 (41.2)

0.013

321 (43.2)

569 (51.1)

890 (48.0)

0.002

 Manual

160 (42.7)

234 (46.9)

394 (45.1)

235 (46.8)

337 (44.3)

572 (45.3)

364 (49.0)

452 (40.6)

816 (44.0)

 Housewives

37 (9.9)

52 (10.4)

89 (10.2)

47 (9.4)

55 (7.2)

102 (8.1)

33 (4.4)

61 (5.5)

94 (5.1)

 Unknown

84 (22.4)

58 (11.6)

142 (16.2)

36 (7.2)

33 (4.3)

69 (5.5)

25 (3.4)

31 (2.8)

56 (3.0)

Morbidities^a, n (%)

 Hypertension

120 (32.0)

158 (31.7)

278 (31.8)

0.916

213 (42.4)

447 (58.7)

660 (52.3)

< 0.001

448 (60.3)

746 (67)

1194 (64.3)

0.003

 Heart problem

208 (55.5)

259 (51.9)

467 (53.4)

0.296

258 (51.4)

431 (56.6)

689 (54.6)

0.067

384 (51.7)

582 (52.3)

966 (52.0)

0.797

 Stroke

38 (10.1)

31 (6.2)

69 (7.9)

0.033

34 (6.8)

33 (4.3)

67 (53.0)

0.060

62 (8.3)

68 (6.1)

130 (7.0)

0.065

 Diabetes

48 (12.8)

47 (9.4)

95 (10.9)

0.112

51 (10.2)

98 (12.9)

149 (11.8)

0.143

149 (20.1)

198 (17.8)

347 (18.7)

0.220

 Osteoarthritis

119 (31.7)

194 (38.9)

313 (35.8)

0.029

188 (37.5)

356 (46.8)

544 (43.1)

0.001

311 (41.9)

515 (46.3)

826 (44.5)

0.061

 Hip fracture

75 (20.0)

77 (15.4)

152 (17.4)

0.078

94 (18.7)

123 (16.2)

217 (17.2)

0.237

141 (19.0)

132 (11.9)

273 (14.7)

< 0.001

 Depression

123 (32.8)

85 (17)

208 (23.8)

 < 0.001

142 (28.3)

97 (12.9)

239 (19.0)

0.001

197 (26.5)

111 (10.0)

308 (16.6)

< 0.001

Number of morbidities^a

 0

43 (11.5)

76 (15.2)

119 (13.6)

0.016

68 (13.5)

69 (9.1)

137 (10.8)

0.004

77 (10.4)

90 (8.1)

167 (9.0)

< 0.001

 1

96 (25.6)

164 (32.9)

260 (29.7)

137 (27.3)

178 (23.4)

315 (24.9)

137 (18.4)

259 (23.3)

396 (21.3)

 2

124 (33.1)

135 (27.1)

259 (29.6)

138 (27.5)

249 (32.7)

387 (30.6)

215 (28.9)

361 (32.4)

576 (31.0)

 3

69 (18.4)

86 (17.2)

155 (17.7)

88 (17.5)

174 (22.9)

262 (20.7)

179 (24.1)

270 (24.3)

449 (24.2)

 >  = 4

43 (11.5)

38 (7.6)

81 (9.3)

71 (14.1)

91 (12.0)

162 (12.8)

135 (18.2)

133 (11.9)

268 (14.4)

 *Mobility^a disability

259 (71.2)

238 (48.2)

497 (57.9)

 < 0.001

383 (77.4)

360 (48.7)

743 (60.2)

< 0.001

522 (70.9)

441 (40.7)

963 (52.9)

< 0.001

 **ADL disability^a

174 (47.0)

75 (15.2)

249 (28.8)

 < 0.001

233 (46.8)

73 (9.6)

306 (24.4)

< 0.001

312 (42.2)

87 (7.9)

399 (21.7)

< 0.001