Skip to main content

Table 3 Factors associated with activity limitations and participation restrictions in patients with diabetes

From: Relation of environmental factors with activity limitations and participation restrictions in older adults with diabetes mellitus over time: an international classification of functioning framework perspective

Variable

  

Activity limitations

 

Participation restrictions

Group

n

Mean (SD)

t value

p value

 

Mean (SD)

t value

p value

Sex

Female

68

2.03 (3.11)

−0.21

0.834

 

0.46 (1.56)

0.09

0.927

Male

42

2.17 (3.20)

   

0.43 (1.47)

  

Regular exercise

No

58

2.88(3.93)

2.82

0.006

 

0.66 (1.75)

1.57

0.119

Yes

52

1.19 (2.20)

   

0.21 (1.18)

  

Dietary control

No

53

2.72 (3.57)

1.95

0.054

 

0.75 (2.01)

2.04

0.046

Yes

57

1.49 (2.98)

   

0.16 (0.75)

  

Neuropathy

No

70

1.39 (2.73)

−2.74

0.008

 

0.16 (0.58)

−2.12

0.041

Yes

40

3.30 (3.91)

   

0.95 (2.33)

  

Multiple comorbidities

No

62

1.65 (2.98)

−1.74

0.085

 

0.23 (0.90)

−1.60

0.116

Yes

48

2.65 (3.67)

   

0.73 (2.04)

  

DSCP

No

36

3.17 (3.73)

-1.54

0.118

 

0.86 (2.28)

-1.60

0.116

Yes

74

1.55 (2.99)

   

0.24 (0.90)

  

Missing samples

No

85

1.42 (2.74)

−3.30

0.002

 

0.20 (1.00)

−2.45

0.041

Yes

25

4.32 (4.132)

   

1.28 (2.46)

  
  1. a: Missing samples was defined as any absent record in the one-year follow-up period from baseline to 12 months of follow-up