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Table 3 The effect of frailty (M) in the association between diseases (X) and adverse outcomes (Y)

From: To validate the integral conceptual model of frailty among community-dwelling older adults in China: a cross-sectional study

Adverse outcomes

X → Y

Direct effect

Indirect effect

 

Effect

SE

P

Effect

95%CI

Disability

-0.02

0.04

0.63

-0.14

[-0.28, -0.16]

Falling

0.04

0.08

0.64

0.19

[ 0.11, 0.28]

Visiting clinic

0.24

0.07

 < 0.01

0.11

[ 0.04, 0.18]

Using emergency treatment

0.18

0.11

0.11

0.16

[ 0.00, 0.31]

Hospitalization

0.33

0.07

 < 0.01

0.05

[-0.03, 0.13]

PF

-0.09

0.04

0.02

-0.18

[-0.23, -0.13]

RP

-0.16

0.06

0.01

-0.37

[-0.46, -0.29]

BP

-0.13

0.03

 < 0.01

-0.14

[-0.18, -0.10]

GH

-0.11

0.03

 < 0.01

-0.13

[-0.16, -0.10]

VT

-0.02

0.02

0.37

-0.13

[-0.16, -0.10]

SF

-0.07

0.03

0.02

-0.15

[-0.19, -0.11]

RE

-0.18

0.05

0.73

-0.31

[-0.39, -0.24]

MH

-0.03

0.04

0.55

-0.28

[-0.34, -0.21]

  1. All analyses were performed separately according to each adverse outcome
  2. PF Physical functioning, RP Role participation with physical health problems (role physical), BP Bodily pain, GH General health, VT Vitality, SF Social functioning, RE Role participation with emotional health problems (role-emotional), MH Mental health
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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