Table 1 Participant characteristics (N = 341)
Characteristics | n = 341 |
|---|---|
life-course determinants of frailty | |
Age (y), mean ± standard deviation | 68.6 ± 6.2 |
Sex, n (%) | |
Male | 140 (41.1) |
Female | 201 (58.9) |
Marital status, n (%) | |
Married | 251 (73.6) |
Spinsterhood | 3 (0.9) |
Divorced | 3 (0.9) |
Widowed | 84 (24.6) |
Ethnicity | |
Han | 340 (99.7) |
Other | 1 (0.3) |
Education | |
No formal education | 83 (24.3) |
Primary | 120 (35.2) |
Junior | 62 (18.2) |
Senior | 46 (13.5) |
Undergraduate | 29 (8.5) |
Master | 1 (0.3) |
Monthly personal income | |
≤ 1000RMB | 152 (44.6) |
1001-2000RMB | 74 (21.7) |
2001-4000RMB | 58 (17.0) |
> 4000RMB | 57 (16.7) |
Self-report lifestyle | |
Healthy | 209 (61.3) |
Neither healthy nor unhealthy | 114 (33.4) |
Unhealthy | 18 (5.3) |
Life event | |
Happened | 134 (39.3) |
Not happened | 207 (60.7) |
Residence | |
Satisfactory | 297 (87.1) |
Unsatisfactory | 44 (12.9) |
Chronic disease | |
History of chronic disease | 308 (90.3) |
Number of sick, mean ± standard deviation | 3.2 ± 2.2 |
Frailty, mean ± standard deviation | |
Total of TFI | 3.9 ± 2.8 |
physical domain of TFI | 1.5 ± 1.8 |
psychological domain of TFI | 1.5 ± 1.2 |
social domain of TFI | 0.9 ± 0.8 |
Adverse outcomes of frailty | |
IADL problems, n (%) | 142 (41.6) |
Points of IADL | 7.0 ± 1.5 |
History of Fall,n(%) | 53 (15.5) |
Health care utilization | |
History of visiting clinic, n (%) | 209 (61.3) |
History of using emergency department, n (%) | 19 (5.6) |
History of hospitalization, n (%) | 92 (27.0) |
Quality of life, mean ± standard deviation | |
PF | 4.8 ± 1.5 |
RP | 7.7 ± 2.7 |
BP | 3.9 ± 1.3 |
GH | 2.7 ± 1.1 |
VT | 4.0 ± 0.9 |
SF | 4.1 ± 1.2 |
RE | 8.4 ± 2.2 |
MH | 8.4 ± 1.8 |