Table 3 Causes of DRPs according to the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) classification system. In total, 548 DRPs were identified during the study period
Cause | n (%) |
|---|---|
C1: Drug selection | 394 (72) |
C1.1 Inappropriate drug according to guidelines | 62 (11) |
C1.2 According to guidelines but contra-indicated | 71 (13) |
C1.3 No indication for drug | 139 (25) |
C1.4 Inappropriate combination of drug, or drugs and food | 2 (0.4) |
C1.5 Inappropriate duplication of therapeutic group or active ingredient | 10 (1.8) |
C1.6 No treatment for indication | 75 (14) |
C1.7 Too many drugs for indication | 35 (6.4) |
C2: Drug form | 0 (0) |
C2.1 Inappropriate drug form | 0 (0) |
C3: Dose selection | 97 (18) |
C3.1 Drug dose too low | 12 (2.2) |
C3.2 Drug dose too high | 51 (9.3) |
C3.3 Dose not frequent enough | 5 (0.9) |
C3.4 Dose too frequent | 25 (4.6) |
C3.5 Dosing time is wrong, unclear or missing | 4 (0.7) |
C4: Treatment duration | 31 (5.7) |
C4.1 Duration of treatment too short | 0 (0) |
C4.2 Duration of treatment too long | 31 (5.7) |
C5: Dispensing | 0 (0) |
C6: Drug use | 0 (0) |
C7: Patient related | 5 (0.9) |
C7.1 Patient takes less or none of the drug | 3 (0.5) |
C7.8 Patient administered/uses drug in a wrong way | 2 (0.4) |
C8: Other causesa | 21 (3.8) |
C8.1 No or inappropriate outcome monitoring (TDM) | 7 (1.3) |
C8.2 Other cause | 14 (2.6) |