Table 3 Multivariable analysis of the association of positive control, aging awareness in SPA with MCR, SCC, and GS (n = 1137)

Model 1

 Aging awareness

1.705

1.335–2.179

 < 0.001

1.147

0.974–1.349

0.099

1.058

0.687–1.629

0.797

 Positive control

0.606

0.398–0.921

0.019

0.716

0.516–0.993

0.045

0.406

0.218–0.758

0.005

Model 2

 Aging awareness

1.588

1.226–2.056

 < 0.001

1.143

0.965–1.354

0.122

1.058

0.685–1.634

0.798

 Positive control

0.594

0.385–0.916

0.018

0.681

0.490–0.945

0.022

0.378

0.199–0.717

0.003

Model 3

 Age (year)

1.023

0.977–1.072

0.329

0.998

0.965–1.032

0.887

1.032

0.939–1.114

0.602

 Male

1.141

0.595–2.184

0.692

0.657

0.425–1.017

0.060

0.251

0.059–1.065

0.061

Education

 Illiterate

2.450

0.782–7.676

0.124

1.032

0.411–2.593

0.946

2.983

0.478–18.628

0.242

 Primary

1.340

0.650–2.762

0.428

0.612

0.363–1.032

0.066

1.147

0.285–4.621

0.847

 Middle school

1.311

0.752–2.288

0.340

0.670

0.465–0.965

0.032

1.942

0.737–5.118

0.179

Married

0.691

0.350–1.366

0.287

0.782

0.471–1.298

0.342

4.809

0.586–39.47

0.144

Diet

 Balanced diet

0.469

0.287–0.766

0.002

0.677

0.481–0.952

0.025

0.529

0.216–1.297

0.164

 Meat diet

0.495

0.137–1.784

0.282

0.962

0.420–2.206

0.928

1.626

0.352–7.514

0.534

Drinking history (No)

1.258

0.636–2.487

0.510

1.007

0.643–1.75

0.976

0.237

0.057–0.989

0.048

Aging awareness

1.386

1.062–1.810

0.016

1.071

0.899–1.276

0.440

1.042

0.667–1.630

0.856

Positive control

0.624

0.402–0.969

0.036

0.687

0.492–0.959

0.027

0.377

0.197–0.720

0.003

Depression

1.195

1.045–1.368

0.009

1.098

0.982–1.227

0.101

0.967

0.720–1.297

0.821

MMSE

0.872

0.775–0.981

0.022

0.964

0.884–1.051

0.409

0.911

0.742–1.119

0.376

Anxiety

1.093

0.959–1.245

0.183

1.097

0.990–1.217

0.078

1.078

0.843–1.378

0.548