Table 4 Changes in attitude toward older adults, knowledge and awareness of, attitude toward, and intent to report elder abuse after the education program (n = 70)
From: Education program promoting report of elder abuse by nursing students: a pilot study
Variable | Pre | Post | t | p | Cohen's d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attitude toward older adults | 80.88 ± 11.39 | 92.4 ± 9.84 | -6.38 | .028 | 1.08 |
Knowledge about elder abuse | 4.76 ± 1.79 | 8.84 ± 1.99 | -12.13 | < .001 | 2.15 |
Awareness of elder abuse | 45.16 ± 5.38 | 52.32 ± 3.57 | -8.75 | < .001 | 1.56 |
Physical abuse | 11.72 ± 1.57 | 13.40 ± 1.50 | -5.25 | < .001 | 1.09 |
Emotional abuse | 11.76 ± 3.57 | 15.32 ± 2.32 | -7.21 | < .001 | 1.18 |
Financial abuse | 8.00 ± 1.32 | 8.88 ± 1.05 | -2.37 | .026 | 0.73 |
Neglect | 8.80 ± 1.19 | 9.72 ± 0.46 | -4.13 | < .001 | 1.01 |
Sexual abuse | 4.88 ± 0.33 | 5.00 ± 0.00 | -1.81 | .083 | 0.51 |
Attitude toward elder abuse | 56.16 ± 3.90 | 63.12 ± 3.61 | -7.41 | < .001 | 1.85 |
Attitude | 32.80 ± 3.07 | 35.88 ± 2.77 | -5.23 | < .001 | 1.05 |
Subjective norm | 5.32 ± 1.21 | 6.56 ± 1.00 | -4.55 | < .001 | 1.11 |
Perceived behavioral control | 18.04 ± 2.75 | 20.68 ± 2.50 | -3.27 | .003 | 1.00 |
Intent to report elder abuse | 32.08 ± 1.73 | 39.76 ± 3.50 | -9.21 | < .001 | 2.78 |