Table 1 QARI data extraction of included studies
Author(year) | Methodology | Data generation method(s) | Phenomena of interest | Setting | Geographical | Cultural | Participants | Data analysis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brown et al., (2006) [31] | Interpretive phenomenology | In-depth interviews | The experiences of nurses on providing a client-centered care | Community living | Ontario, Canada | Canada | 8 registered nurses who had in-depth experience in the client-driven care | Hermeneutic analysis |
Doody et al., (2013) [32] | Heideggerigan phenomenology | Semi-structured interviews | The registered nurse's care experience in a context where registered nurses provide a client-centered care for older people | Their own homes | Ireland | Ireland | 7 participants working in a long-established voluntary service | Thematic analysis |
Gillespie et al., (2018) [33] | Interpretive phenomenology | One–one interviews | How can doctors be more caring and how to improve PCC | In two general practice bases (one urban, one rural) in Belfast, UK | Belfast, UK | UK | 10 patients (5 female, 5 male) | Template analysis |
Uittenbroek et al., (2018) [34] | Qualitative study* | In-depth interviews | Experiences of the case managers in implementing PCC programs | GP-practices located in the northern part of the Netherlands | the northern part of the Netherlands | Netherlands | 11 case managers | Content analysis |
Giosa et al., (2021) [35] | Qualitative study* | Semi-structured interviews | Identify how client-centered goal setting practices in home care can be reoriented to older people's self-perceived goals, needs and preferences | Ontario, Canada(The specific location was not reported) | Ontario, Canada | Canada | 13 older adults and 12 family/friend caregivers | Thematic analysis |
Manalili et al., (2021) [36] | Participatory action research approach | Focus group interviews | Understand the values, preferences and needs of different patients/caregivers for PCC | Community or at the Action Dignity office | Calgary, Alberta, Canada | Canada | 66 patients/ caregivers from six communities | Content analysis |
McKenzie &Brown (2020) [14] | Qualitative Study* | Semi-structured interviews | Identify factors that influence person-centered dementia care for older people with dementia | Office space at the participant's work site or a clinical space | Australia | Australia | 12 clinicians (four registered nurses, three occupational therapists and three psychologists, one social worker and one allied health assistant) | Thematic analysis |
McKenzie & Brown (2021) [37] | Qualitative Study* | Face-to-face interviews | Explore the key skills adopted by clinicians to establish an effective PCC relationship with patients | Workplace or clinical setting close by at the participants convenience | Australia | Australia | 12 clinicians (four registered nurses, three occupational therapists and three psychologists, one social worker and one allied health assistant) | Thematic analysis |
Hoel et al., (2021) [38] | Phenomenological-hermeneutic approach | Individual in-depth interviews | Experiences with PCC and shared decision-making in older people with dementia | The participant’s own home or at a day-care center | the southeastern part of Norway | Norway | 20 older people with moderate to severe dementia | Content analysis |
Narayan &Mallinson (2022) [13] | Grounded Theory Study | Face-to-face interviews and online interviews | How home health nurses incorporate PCC principles into their assessment and care-planning practices | General practice base or the online platform | American | American | 20 nurses (18 White females,1 Black, 1 male) | Not stated |
Stevens et al., (2022) [39] | Qualitative Study* | semi-structured interviews | How to provide PCC for care home residents with stroke | The participant’s own home | South London, England | England | 28 participants (eight residents with stoke, four relatives of resident, sixteen HCPs) | Thematic analysis |
Sareh et al., (2023) [40] | Qualitative Single Case Study | semi-structured interviews | "How" and "why" to apply the PCC approach in the long-term care community | a private community for seniors | Quebec | Canada | 8 care providers | Thematic content analysis |