Table 2 Comparison of the results of the GSE survey conducted before and during the pandemic, 40 respondents

GSE

Mean ± SD

N

z-value

p

All respondents

before the pandemic

34.75 ± 3.38

40

-0.038

0.97

during the pandemic

34.48 ± 3.86

Respondents aged 65 years or less

before the pandemic

35.29 ± 3.34

14

-0.9063

0.3648

during the pandemic

36.14 ± 3.13

Respondents aged 66 years or more

before the pandemic

34.46 ± 3.43

26

0.5400

0.5892

during the pandemic

33.57 ± 3.97

Respondents with good health

before the pandemic

34.67 ± 3.52

24

-0.698

0.485

during the pandemic

35.17 ± 3.37

Respondents with poor health

before the pandemic

34.88 ± 3.26

16

0.417

0.667

during the pandemic

33.44 ± 5.32

One child in foster care

before the pandemic

34.46 ± 3.57

28

-0.743

0.457

during the pandemic

34.71 ± 3.45

More than one child in foster care

before the pandemic

35.42 ± 2.91

12

0.787

0.431

during the pandemic

33.92 ± 4.81

The oldest child in foster care aged 10 years or less

before the pandemic

34.92 ± 3.12

13

-0.433

0.665

during the pandemic

35 ± 3.72

The oldest child in foster care, aged 11 or more

before the pandemic

34.67 ± 3.55

27

0.189

0.85

during the pandemic

34.22 ± 3.97