Table 1 Characteristics of participants at baseline. (2008)
Parameters at baseline (2008) | Number of participants (n) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
All participants | 1744 | 100.00 |
Demographics | ||
Gender | ||
Male | 698 | 40.02 |
Female | 1046 | 59.98 |
Age in years | ||
65–69 | 815 | 46.73 |
70–74 | 597 | 34.23 |
75 or older | 332 | 19.04 |
Living arrangement | ||
With relatives | 1281 | 73.45 |
Living alone | 463 | 26.55 |
Educational status | ||
Elementary school or lower | 1185 | 67.95 |
Middle school | 201 | 11.53 |
High school | 248 | 14.21 |
College or higher | 110 | 6.31 |
Health parameters | ||
Body mass index | ||
Normal | 797 | 45.70 |
Underweight | 55 | 3.15 |
Overweight | 503 | 28.84 |
Obese | 389 | 22.31 |
Self-rated health | ||
Good | 1147 | 65.77 |
Bad | 597 | 34.23 |
Difficulty in daily activities related to body pain | ||
No | 1177 | 67.49 |
Yes | 567 | 32.51 |
Physical activity | ||
Yes | 637 | 36.53 |
No | 1107 | 63.47 |
Depression status | ||
No | 1629 | 93.41 |
Yes | 115 | 6.59 |
Cognitive function | ||
Normal | 1139 | 65.31 |
Cognitive decline | 445 | 25.52 |
Dementia | 160 | 9.17 |
Number of chronic diseases | ||
0 | 554 | 31.77 |
1 | 618 | 35.43 |
2 | 377 | 21.62 |
≥ 3 | 195 | 11.18 |