Operative treatment of nonunions in the elderly: Clinical and radiographic outcomes in patients at minimum 75 years of age

Table 4 Literature search showing union time (average, months) and age (average, years) based on nonunion location

Author	Location	Total patients (N)	Union-rate (%)	Average age (years)	Average time to union (months)
Ring et al. [56]	Hu proximal	25	92	61	6.0
Walch et al. [62]	Hu proximal	20	95	58	4.0
Prasarn et al. [53]	Hu proximal	19	100	70	3.5
Badman et al. [40]	Hu proximal	18	94	60	4.4
Rollo et al. [59]	Hu proximal	16	100	62	4.2
Lin et al. [46]	Hu shaft	86	100	42	3.6
Marti et al. [51]	Hu shaft	51	100	51	4
Singh et al. [60]	Hu shaft	40	100	36	3.7
Donders et al. [23]	Hu distal	62	98	48	6.8
Rollo et al. [58]	Hu distal	26	100	48	3.5
Amorosa et al. [38]	Fe proximal	46	72	60	7.1
Lotzien et al. [47]	Fe proximal	40	93	65	11.6
De Vries et al. [43]	Fe proximal	33	97	57	5.0
Rollick et al. [57]	Fe proximal	9	100	73	3.5
Mardani-Kivi et al. [50]	Fe shaft	32	100	35	5.0
Xing et al. [63]	Fe shaft	25	100	42	6
Uliana et al. [61]	Fe shaft	22	73	32	11.7
Aslantürk et al. [39]	Fe shaft	21	100	49	6.2
Peng et al. [52]	Fe shaft	21	100	47	5.3
Maimaitiyiming et al. [49]	Fe shaft	14	100	26	5.2
Benazzo et al. [41]	Fe shaft	11	100	47	6.1
Rajasekaran et al. [55]	Fe distal	58	98	43	7.4
Amorosa et al. [38]	Fe distal	32	78	56	8.4
Gardner et al. [44]	Fe distal	31	97	58	3.7
Kanakeshwar et al. [45]	Fe distal	22	100	39	6.2
Monroy et al. [20]	Fe distal	22	100	58	7.0
Lu et al. [48]	Fe distal	18	100	48	11
Ali et al. [37]	Fe distal	15	93	35	10.4
Prins et al. [54]	Fe*	19	95	71	11
Birch et al. [42]	Fe*	6	100	80	5.6
Present study	Hu	16	100	80	11.4*
Present study	Fe	29	100	81	9.2*

Fe = femur; Fe* = femur periprosthetic; Hu = humerus; * = average age was used for the statistical analysis and was calculated from index procedure onwards or revision procedure onwards; * = average time to union was used for the statistical analysis and was calculated from index procedure onwards or revision procedure onwards

ISSN: 1471-2318