Table 1 Content of SHAPE intervention

Decline in physiological functions

• Understanding natural biological aging process

• Cognitive health and understanding dementia

• Eating nutritiously

• Engaging in functional physical exercises

Decrease in social network

• Coping with life transitions

• Understanding & maintaining positive psycho-social-spiritual health

Circumstances requiring tangible assistance

• Understanding falls and maintaining home safety

• Identifying common acute and chronic conditions, knowing when to seek assistance

• Coping with illness and hospitalisation

• Managing money and assets

• Learning about end-of-life and planning for illness and death-related concerns

Unpredictable unfolding of negative life and health events

Pathogenic health orientation at old age

• Understanding health from the salutogenic perspective

• Appreciating aging as developmental process

• Understanding own health needs

• Living meaningfully